The accessory heads of the muscles flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus (Gantzer muscle) – An anatomical study in Brazilian cadavers
•The neurovascular structures that supply the forearm are subject to compressions.•The prevalence of Gantzer's muscle is variable and related from the flexor pollicis longus muscle.•There is a causal relationship between the variant head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle called Gantzer resul...
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Published in: | Morphologie Vol. 106; no. 352; pp. 37 - 42 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
France
Elsevier Masson SAS
01-02-2022
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | •The neurovascular structures that supply the forearm are subject to compressions.•The prevalence of Gantzer's muscle is variable and related from the flexor pollicis longus muscle.•There is a causal relationship between the variant head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle called Gantzer resulting in the neuropathic AIN syndrome.•In this study, the prevalence of variant muscle formation (Gantzer) was 50% with a predominantly fusiform aspect.•The compressive neuropathy of the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) results in the Kiloh–Nevin syndrome.
An important accessory anatomical variation, exclusively human, and related to the muscular ventres of the flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus is frequently denominated Gantzer. These variations have close relations with the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), which provides, for many authors, by direct compression, one of the rare neuropathic syndromes. In this work, thirty-four forearms were dissected from the collections of the Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais and the Department of Basic Sciences of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, with a prevalence of 50% of the 34 forearms studied for the Gantzer muscle. The muscle relationship was mainly with the flexor pollicis longus muscle and only one occurrence related to the flexor digitorum profundus muscle, described as a rare occurrence of unilateral double formation of Gantzer muscle. Bilaterality was observed in 88.23% of the findings and the dominant innervation for this muscle variation occurred in 82.35% by the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN). The type morphological in all forms found was the fusiform, with 10.5cm of total length and an average of 0.3cm in diameter and all related, as origin, in the medial aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna, next to the origin of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle. Our work largely reflected the findings of most publications and, considering the controversy of the occurrence of a compressive neuropathy, the data were not sufficient, from a strictly anatomical point of view, to confirm or refute the hypothesis.
Une importante variation anatomique, exclusivement humaine, est liée aux chefs musculaires des fléchisseur long du pouce et fléchisseur profond des doigts, et est souvent appelée muscle de Gantzer. Ces variantes présentent une relation étroite avec le nerf interosseux antérieur (NIA) qui est l’objet, pour de nombreux auteurs, par compression directe, d’un syndrome neuropathique rare. Dans ce travail, trente-quatre avant-bras de la collection de la faculté de médecine de l’Université fédérale du Minas Gerais et du département des sciences fondamentales de l’Université fédérale de Juiz de Fora ont été disséqués, avec une prévalence observée de 50 % de présence du muscle de Gantzer. L’anomalie affectait principalement le muscle fléchisseur long du pouce et n’associait le muscle fléchisseur profond des doigts que dans un cas, chose considérée habituellement comme assez rare. L’anomalie était bilatérale dans 88,23 % des cas et l’innervation en était assurée à 82,35 % par le nerf interosseux antérieur (NIA). Le muscle était fusiforme avec, en moyenne, une longueur totale de 10,5cm et un diamètre de 0,3cm. L’origine siégeait sur la face médiale du processus coronoïde de l’ulna, près de l’origine du muscle fléchisseur superficiel des doigts. Notre travail est largement en accord avec les résultats de la plupart des publications, mais les données recueillies ne sont pas suffisantes, d’un point de vue strictement anatomique, pour confirmer ou réfuter cette hypothèse. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1286-0115 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.morpho.2021.02.010 |