Should left atrial appendage closure be considered in resistant left atrial appendage thrombus cases? 'Former Foe, New Ally'

• Published in: Pacing and clinical electrophysiology Vol. 47; no. 4; pp. 583 - 590
• Main Authors: Ates, Ahmet Hakan, Kivrak, Ahmet, Karakulak, Ugur Nadir, Coteli, Cem, Yorgun, Hikmet, Sahiner, Mehmet Levent, Barıs Kaya, Ergun, Aytemir, Kudret
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-04-2024
• Subjects: Aged; Anticoagulants - adverse effects; Atrial Appendage - surgery; Atrial Fibrillation - complications; Atrial Fibrillation - surgery; Bleeding; Blood clots; Cardiovascular diseases; Effusion; Female; Hemorrhage - chemically induced; Humans; Ischemia; Left Atrial Appendage Closure; Male; Mortality; Pericardial Effusion; Stroke; Stroke - complications; Stroke - prevention & control; Thrombosis; Thrombosis - etiology; Treatment Outcome; LAA thrombus; atrial fibrillation; left atrial appendage; percutaneous left atrial appendage closure; LAA
• ISSN: 0147-8389; 1540-8159
• DOI: 10.1111/pace.14969

The study explores left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) as a safe and effective alternative to anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients at high bleeding risk. Complications, such as cardioembolic events due to left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT), highlight the need for alternative stroke prevention strategies.
This research assesses LAAC's safety and efficacy in patients with LAAT, aiming to offer valuable insights into its potential as a viable option for stroke prevention in such cases.
The study included 205 patients who underwent LAAC using specific devices between September 2015 and February 2023. Among them, 32 patients had persistent LAAT. Baseline characteristics, antithrombotic medications, risk scores, and LAAC indications were documented. Patients were followed to monitor significant clinical events like stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.
The mean age was 71.9 and mostly female. Indications for LAAC were ischemic cerebrovascular events (CVE) despite anticoagulation (25%), bleeding complications (major/minor, 37.5% each), or both. Successful LAA closure was achieved in all cases, with minimal pericardial effusion in one. One-month follow-up showed no major events or device-related issues. Median follow-up of 16.5 months saw 21.9% non-cardiac deaths. The study underscores LAAC's efficacy for stroke prevention in patients with persistent LAAT.
The LAAC in cases of LAAT, whether pursued initially or as a deferred approach, demonstrates feasibility and safety, exhibiting notable procedural success and minimal incidence of periprocedural complications.