Sphingomyelinase activity levels in human peripheral blood leukocytes, using [3H]sphingomyelin as substrate: study of heterozygotes and homozygotes for Niemann-Pick disease variants

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta Vol. 86; no. 1; p. 37
• Main Authors: Zitman, D, Chazan, S, Klibansky, C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands 16-05-1978
• Subjects: Glucosylceramidase - blood; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leukocytes - enzymology; Niemann-Pick Diseases - enzymology; Niemann-Pick Diseases - genetics; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - blood; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase - blood; Sphingomyelins; Temperature; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0009-8981
• DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(78)90455-2

Patients and heterozygous carriers of Niemann-Pick disease types A and B as well as the primary (genetic) sea-blue histiocyte syndrome were investigated for their leukocyte sphingomyelinase activity. In parallel, glucocerebrosidase activity was determined in all cases studied. [3H]Sphingomyelin and [14C]glucocerebroside served as substrates for sphingomyelinase and glucocerebrosidase activity measurements, respectively. Conditions for these enzymes' assays are discussed. Sphingomyelinase activity was completely absent in three cases of Niemann-Pick disease type A and significantly diminished in one patient with Niemann-Pick disease type B and two with the sea-blue histiocyte syndrome. Sphingomyelinase activity in obligatory heterozygotes of all variants investigated represented about 40 to 70% of normal activity. Nevertheless, some overlapping with normal values occasionally occurred. Interestingly, glucocerbrosidase activity was elevated in patients with Niemann-Pick disease variants.