Physio-biochemical and nutritional alterations in faba bean due to bean yellow mosaic virus infection

• Published in: Acta physiologiae plantarum Vol. 46; no. 5
• Main Authors: Kaur, Charanjeet, Srivastava, Ashish, Raj, Rashmi, Niranjan, Abhishek, Lahri, Alok, Kumar, Susheel, Raj, Shri Krishna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-05-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Accumulation; Acids; Agriculture; Ascorbic acid; Beans; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Broad beans; Caffeic acid; Carbohydrates; Catalase; Chlorogenic acid; Crop yield; Ferulic acid; Flavonoids; Gallic acid; Guaiacol; Kaempferol; L-Ascorbate peroxidase; Life Sciences; Nutritive value; Original Article; Peroxidase; Physiology; Plant Anatomy/Development; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Plant Pathology; Plant Physiology; Plant virus diseases; Plant viruses; Polyphenols; Protocatechuic acid; Quercetin; Rutin; Salicylic acid; Seeds; Signs and symptoms; Stress (physiology); Superoxide dismutase; Tannic acid; Viruses; Chlorophyll pigment; Proline; Polyphenol; Faba bean; Antioxidant enzymes; BYMV
• ISSN: 0137-5881; 1861-1664
• DOI: 10.1007/s11738-024-03681-5

The association of bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (BYMV) was investigated earlier with the severe mosaic and stunting disease of
V. faba
. In the present study, we mechanically transmitted BYMV on
V. faba
to assess the impact on physiological, biochemical, and nutritional attributes. BYMV-inoculated plants exhibited severe symptoms, and their height, length of the pod, and seed yield (size and number) were reduced to half of the mock-inoculated
V. faba
. In BYMV-inoculated
V. faba
, chlorophyll
a
,
b
, and total (Chl
a
 + Chl
b
) were lowered to 66.70%, 64.94%, and 66.19% respectively, and corroborated with the decrease in photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) from 0.36 to 0.26. An increase in membrane ion leakage and malondialdehyde was observed in inoculated
V. faba
indicating virus-induced physiological stress. The non-structural carbohydrates, total protein, and free proline contents were also significantly altered. More, the high accumulation of salicylic acid and other defense-related antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) was observed to ameliorate virus-induced stress. An increase in polyphenols and flavonoids: gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, ferulic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol suggests the proactive action by BYMV-infected
V. faba
. A reduced accumulation of nutrition-related parameters while induced accumulation of anti-nutritional factors like tannin (as tannic acid) and phytate observed is suggestive of poor nutritional quality of the plants. The present study comprehensively elucidates the BYMV-induced perturbations in physio-biochemical and nutritional attributes of
V. faba
, diminishing the quality of plants and seeds, and raises serious concerns for the management measures against the BYMV.