Innate immune viral recognition: relevance to CNS infections

Innate immune viral recognition: relevance to CNS infections

Innate immune responses mediated by mononuclear phagocytes represent the initial host response to acute viral infection. PRRs, including TLRs, retinoic RLRs,and NOD-like receptors, recognize viral nucleic acid and localized injury signals to initiate proinflammatory responses and activation of adapt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Handbook of clinical neurology Vol. 123; p. 215
Main Author: Carrithers, Michael D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands 2014
Subjects:
Animals
Central Nervous System Viral Diseases - immunology
Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Virus Physiological Phenomena
macrophage
CNS infection
innate immunity
encephalitis
microglia
meningitis
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Summary:Innate immune responses mediated by mononuclear phagocytes represent the initial host response to acute viral infection. PRRs, including TLRs, retinoic RLRs,and NOD-like receptors, recognize viral nucleic acid and localized injury signals to initiate proinflammatory responses and activation of adaptive immunity. These responses are host- and viral-dependent. Neurotropic viruses, such as HSV, West Nile virus, and HIV activate and evade innate immune signaling mechanisms by distinct mechanisms. These highly complex pathogen-host interactions determine establishment of infection, severity of clinical disease, development of chronic inflammatory processes, and success of vaccination strategies.
ISSN:0072-9752
DOI:10.1016/B978-0-444-53488-0.00009-2