La stimulation électrique neuromusculaire au cœur des soins intensifs

Résumé: En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave. Toutefois, lors des séjours en unité de soins intensifs (USI), des altérations de la structure et de la fonction musculaire sont systématiqueme...

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Published in:Réanimation Vol. 21; no. 4; pp. 511 - 519
Main Authors: Abdellaoui, A., Heraud, N., Courbon, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:French
Published: Cachan Lavoisier 01-07-2012
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Abstract Résumé: En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave. Toutefois, lors des séjours en unité de soins intensifs (USI), des altérations de la structure et de la fonction musculaire sont systématiquement observées et à l’origine de multiples conséquences fonctionnelles. Afin de réduire ces complications, des stratégies alternatives comme la stimulation électrique neuromusculaire (SENM) peuvent être envisagées. En effet, il est clairement établi qu’en initiant le plus précocement possible un réentraînement à l’effort, les patients évoluent mieux. Dans cette revue, les effets, les mécanismes d’action potentiels ainsi que les aspects méthodologiques de la SENM sont discutés. Les premières études sur la SENM en USI rapportent des résultats encourageants. Toutefois, des études complémentaires doivent encore être proposées pour mieux en comprendre les mécanismes. De plus, cette technique ne doit pas se substituer aux techniques de prise en charge classiquement proposées en USI. Abstract: In relation to the ongoing progress in patient management in the intensive care unit (ICU), the survival rate of many chronic illnesses has significantly increased in the recent years. However, during ICU stay, structural and functional muscle deteriorations systematically occur and result in various functional consequences. In order to counteract and reduce these complications, alternative strategies such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may be considered. Initiating exercise training as soon as possible improves patient’s prognosis in the ICU. The aim of the present review is to discuss the potential effects, mechanisms, and technical aspects of NMES. Preliminary results regarding the use of this training program in the ICU are encouraging. However, further research should be performed to better understand the mechanisms involved in this therapy.
AbstractList Résumé: En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave. Toutefois, lors des séjours en unité de soins intensifs (USI), des altérations de la structure et de la fonction musculaire sont systématiquement observées et à l’origine de multiples conséquences fonctionnelles. Afin de réduire ces complications, des stratégies alternatives comme la stimulation électrique neuromusculaire (SENM) peuvent être envisagées. En effet, il est clairement établi qu’en initiant le plus précocement possible un réentraînement à l’effort, les patients évoluent mieux. Dans cette revue, les effets, les mécanismes d’action potentiels ainsi que les aspects méthodologiques de la SENM sont discutés. Les premières études sur la SENM en USI rapportent des résultats encourageants. Toutefois, des études complémentaires doivent encore être proposées pour mieux en comprendre les mécanismes. De plus, cette technique ne doit pas se substituer aux techniques de prise en charge classiquement proposées en USI. Abstract: In relation to the ongoing progress in patient management in the intensive care unit (ICU), the survival rate of many chronic illnesses has significantly increased in the recent years. However, during ICU stay, structural and functional muscle deteriorations systematically occur and result in various functional consequences. In order to counteract and reduce these complications, alternative strategies such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may be considered. Initiating exercise training as soon as possible improves patient’s prognosis in the ICU. The aim of the present review is to discuss the potential effects, mechanisms, and technical aspects of NMES. Preliminary results regarding the use of this training program in the ICU are encouraging. However, further research should be performed to better understand the mechanisms involved in this therapy.
Résumé En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave. Toutefois, lors des séjours en unité de soins intensifs (USI), des altérations de la structure et de la fonction musculaire sont systématiquement observées et à l’origine de multiples conséquences fonctionnelles. Afin de réduire ces complications, des stratégies alternatives comme la stimulation électrique neuromusculaire (SENM) peuvent être envisagées. En effet, il est clairement établi qu’en initiant le plus précocement possible un réentraînement à l’effort, les patients évoluent mieux. Dans cette revue, les effets, les mécanismes d’action potentiels ainsi que les aspects méthodologiques de la SENM sont discutés. Les premières études sur la SENM en USI rapportent des résultats encourageants. Toutefois, des études complémentaires doivent encore être proposées pour mieux en comprendre les mécanismes. De plus, cette technique ne doit pas se substituer aux techniques de prise en charge classiquement proposées en USI.
Author Heraud, N.
Abdellaoui, A.
Courbon, M.
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  organization: Clinique du Souffle « La Vallonie », groupe Fontalvie, 800, avenue Joseph-Vallot, F-34700, Lodève, France
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Issue 4
Keywords Intensive care
Muscle dysfunction
Dysfonction musculaire
Unité de soin intensif
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Stimulation électrique neuromusculaire
Unité soin intensif
Réanimation
Soin intensif
Dysfonction musculaires
Language French
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Snippet Résumé: En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave....
Résumé En raison des progrès techniques et d’une amélioration continue de la qualité des soins, de plus en plus de patients survivent à leur maladie grave....
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SubjectTerms Anesthesie. Reanimation. Transfusion. Therapie cellulaire et therapie genique
Anesthesiology
Critical Care Medicine
Dysfonction musculaire
Emergency Medicine
Intensive
Intensive care
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mort clinique. Soins palliatifs. Don et conservation organe
Muscle dysfunction
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Review
Revue
Réanimation. Soins intensifs
Sciences biologiques et medicales
Sciences medicales
Stimulation électrique neuromusculaire
Unité de soin intensif
Title La stimulation électrique neuromusculaire au cœur des soins intensifs
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