The effect of insulin on the vascular reactivity of isolated resistance arteries taken from healthy volunteers

• Published in: Diabetologia Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 467 - 473
• Main Authors: MCNALLY, P. G, LAWRENCE, I. G, WATT, P. A. C, HILLIER, C, BURDEN, A. C, THURSTON, H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin Springer 01-04-1995
• Subjects: Acetylcholine - pharmacology; Adipose Tissue - blood supply; Adipose Tissue - cytology; Analysis of Variance; Arteries - cytology; Arteries - drug effects; Arteries - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Biopsy; Blood Pressure; Blood vessels and receptors; Capillaries - cytology; Capillaries - drug effects; Capillaries - physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin - pharmacology; Isometric Contraction - drug effects; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - cytology; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - drug effects; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - physiology; Norepinephrine - pharmacology; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vascular Resistance - drug effects; Vertebrates: cardiovascular system; Human; Relaxation; Pancreatic hormone; Vasomotricity; Blood vessel; Contractility; Circulatory system; Endothelium derived relaxing factor; Insulin; Artery
• ISSN: 0012-186X; 1432-0428
• DOI: 10.1007/BF00410285

Impaired reactivity of the resistance vasculature may contribute to the development of diabetic microangiopathy by altering microvascular haemodynamics. This study investigates the acute effects of insulin on the contractility and relaxation properties of isolated human resistance arteries (< 300 microns internal diameter) taken from gluteal subcutaneous fat of 33 (18 male: 15 female) normotensive healthy volunteers (supine blood pressure 115.6 +/- 1.6/70.0 +/- 1.5 mm Hg [mean +/- SEM], with no family history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Resistance arteries were mounted in a small vessel myograph to measure isometric tension. Contractile responses to noradrenaline were reduced after incubation in 1 mU/ml of insulin for 20 min (p < 0.01; Group 1). Increasing concentrations of insulin were found to reduce the contractile response to noradrenaline in a dose-dependent manner (Group 2; 0.1 mU/ml by 8% [p < 0.01], 1 mU/ml by 17% [p < 0.02] and 10 mU/ml by 22% [p < 0.01]). Sensitivity to insulin (ED50) only decreased at the highest concentration of insulin. However, acetylcholine-induced relaxation was not altered by insulin (Group 2). Time control studies (Group 3) showed that contractile and relaxation responses over the 4-h study period were unchanged. Furthermore, the length of time the vessels were exposed to insulin did not progressively impair responses (Group 4). These findings suggest that insulin may induce abnormalities in vascular smooth muscle contractility, a factor that may contribute to or exacerbate the abnormal haemodynamics observed in the capillary microcirculation of numerous vascular beds in diabetes.