Sexual dysfunction and self-perceived sexual health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a cross-sectional survey

• Published in: Rheumatology international Vol. 44; no. 10; pp. 2139 - 2145
• Main Authors: Serna-Peña, Griselda, Flores-Gutierrez, Diana Paola, Vega-Sevilla, Luis Francisco, Villarreal-Saenz, Mirna Alejandra, Toledo-Motta, Juan Pablo, Cardenas-de la Garza, Jesus Alberto, Romero-Garcia, Manuel Gerardo, de Jesus Hernandez-Galarza, Ivan, Galarza-Delgado, Dionicio A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-10-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - complications; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - epidemiology; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - psychology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease; Female; Humans; Lupus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - complications; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - epidemiology; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - psychology; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Patient Opinion; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatoid arthritis; Rheumatology; Self Concept; Sexual disorders; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological - epidemiology; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological - etiology; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological - psychology; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological - epidemiology; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological - etiology; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological - psychology; Sexual Health; Surveys and Questionnaires; Surveys and questionnaires; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Sexual dysfunction; Rheumatoid arthritis; Sexuality
• ISSN: 1437-160X; 0172-8172; 1437-160X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05648-8

Sexual dysfunction (SD) has been associated with worse quality of life and higher disease activity in patients with rheumatic diseases, yet it is still not regularly addressed during routine rheumatologic evaluations. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and evaluate their perception of their sexual health. We performed a retrospective study in an outpatient rheumatology clinic to evaluate patients over 18 years old with a diagnosis of RA or SLE through the Spanish version of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) and the Sexual Health Perception Survey (SHEPS), a questionnaire of 6 items designed in our clinic. Additionally, we applied the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue (FACIT-F version 4) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A total of 567 patients were evaluated with SHEPS, most of whom were women with a median age of 50 years (IQR: 34) and a median disease duration of 5 years (IQR: 9). Through the ASEX, we found that 67% of the patients with RA and 60% of the patients with SLE experienced SD. Patients reported the level of sex drive, arousal, and the ability to achieve orgasms as the areas with the most difficulties. Most patients did not know their disease could affect their sexuality and had never addressed these issues with their rheumatologists, but almost all of them were willing to. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing sexual health issues regularly during rheumatologic evaluations.