Glutamate imbalance in key structure of the default mode network in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
The default mode network (DMN) is atypically active in patients with ADHD, likely contributing to the inattention patterns observed in patients with the disorder. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have rarely targeted the posterior cingulate cortex, a key DMN region, and lit...
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| Published in: | European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience |
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| Abstract | The default mode network (DMN) is atypically active in patients with ADHD, likely contributing to the inattention patterns observed in patients with the disorder. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have rarely targeted the posterior cingulate cortex, a key DMN region, and little is known about the biochemical setting within this network in patients with ADHD. We aimed to assess the differences in metabolite profiles of the posterior cingulate cortex-a key region of the DMN-between patients with ADHD and controls. Five brain metabolites-glutamate, inositol, N-acetyl aspartate, choline, and creatine-were measured through MRS in the posterior cingulate cortex of patients and controls in a 3.0 T scanner. Between-group comparison of neurometabolite concentrations in PCC was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance. A total of 88 patients and 44 controls were included in the analysis. Patients with ADHD showed lower levels of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex compared to controls (p = 0.003). Lower concentrations of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex suggest that a glutamatergic imbalance within the posterior cingulate cortex might play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Further understanding of the causes and consequences of such glutamate decrease might help explain how some glutamate-related drug effects impact on ADHD symptomatology. |
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| AbstractList | The default mode network (DMN) is atypically active in patients with ADHD, likely contributing to the inattention patterns observed in patients with the disorder. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have rarely targeted the posterior cingulate cortex, a key DMN region, and little is known about the biochemical setting within this network in patients with ADHD. We aimed to assess the differences in metabolite profiles of the posterior cingulate cortex-a key region of the DMN-between patients with ADHD and controls. Five brain metabolites-glutamate, inositol, N-acetyl aspartate, choline, and creatine-were measured through MRS in the posterior cingulate cortex of patients and controls in a 3.0 T scanner. Between-group comparison of neurometabolite concentrations in PCC was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance. A total of 88 patients and 44 controls were included in the analysis. Patients with ADHD showed lower levels of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex compared to controls (p = 0.003). Lower concentrations of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex suggest that a glutamatergic imbalance within the posterior cingulate cortex might play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Further understanding of the causes and consequences of such glutamate decrease might help explain how some glutamate-related drug effects impact on ADHD symptomatology. The default mode network (DMN) is atypically active in patients with ADHD, likely contributing to the inattention patterns observed in patients with the disorder. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have rarely targeted the posterior cingulate cortex, a key DMN region, and little is known about the biochemical setting within this network in patients with ADHD. We aimed to assess the differences in metabolite profiles of the posterior cingulate cortex-a key region of the DMN-between patients with ADHD and controls. Five brain metabolites-glutamate, inositol, N-acetyl aspartate, choline, and creatine-were measured through MRS in the posterior cingulate cortex of patients and controls in a 3.0 T scanner. Between-group comparison of neurometabolite concentrations in PCC was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance. A total of 88 patients and 44 controls were included in the analysis. Patients with ADHD showed lower levels of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex compared to controls (p = 0.003). Lower concentrations of glutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex suggest that a glutamatergic imbalance within the posterior cingulate cortex might play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Further understanding of the causes and consequences of such glutamate decrease might help explain how some glutamate-related drug effects impact on ADHD symptomatology. |
| Author | de Araujo Tavares, Maria Eduarda Teche, Stefania Pigatto Bau, Claiton Henrique Dotto Picon, Felipe Almeida Panzenhagen, Alana Castro Falkenberg, Isabel Ghirardi Rovaris, Diego L Vitola, Eduardo Schneider Martins, Alexandre Ribeiro Vidor, Marcos Vinícius Bandeira, Cibele Edom da Silva, Bruna Santos Cupertino, Renata Basso Barreto, Pedro Olavo Rohde, Luis Augusto Grevet, Eugenio Horacio |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marcos Vinícius surname: Vidor fullname: Vidor, Marcos Vinícius organization: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Eduardo Schneider surname: Vitola fullname: Vitola, Eduardo Schneider organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Cibele Edom surname: Bandeira fullname: Bandeira, Cibele Edom organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Alexandre Ribeiro surname: Martins fullname: Martins, Alexandre Ribeiro organization: Qualiphy Soluções Em Imaginologia E Radioproteção, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Maria Eduarda surname: de Araujo Tavares fullname: de Araujo Tavares, Maria Eduarda organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Renata Basso surname: Cupertino fullname: Cupertino, Renata Basso organization: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Alana Castro surname: Panzenhagen fullname: Panzenhagen, Alana Castro organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 8 givenname: Bruna Santos surname: da Silva fullname: da Silva, Bruna Santos organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 9 givenname: Isabel Ghirardi surname: Falkenberg fullname: Falkenberg, Isabel Ghirardi organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 10 givenname: Pedro Olavo surname: Barreto fullname: Barreto, Pedro Olavo organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 11 givenname: Stefania Pigatto surname: Teche fullname: Teche, Stefania Pigatto organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 12 givenname: Felipe Almeida surname: Picon fullname: Picon, Felipe Almeida organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 13 givenname: Luis Augusto surname: Rohde fullname: Rohde, Luis Augusto organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, PPG Psiquiatria, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 2º Andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil – sequence: 14 givenname: Diego L surname: Rovaris fullname: Rovaris, Diego L organization: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil – sequence: 15 givenname: Claiton Henrique Dotto surname: Bau fullname: Bau, Claiton Henrique Dotto organization: Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 16 givenname: Eugenio Horacio surname: Grevet fullname: Grevet, Eugenio Horacio email: eugenio.grevet@ufrgs.br, eugenio.grevet@ufrgs.br organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, PPG Psiquiatria, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 2º Andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. eugenio.grevet@ufrgs.br |
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