ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF LOBLOLLY PINE STANDS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL AS A RESULT OF DIFFERENT CROWN THINNING INTENSITIES1
ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one third of the stands belong to independent log producers, whose aim is to maximize their economic results. In this study, a thinning experiment w...
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Published in: | Revista árvore Vol. 43; no. 2 |
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Abstract | ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one third of the stands belong to independent log producers, whose aim is to maximize their economic results. In this study, a thinning experiment was evaluated over a production period of 30 years. The stands evaluated were submitted to three different crown thinning intensities, with an unthinned stand used as a control. The aim of the study was to evaluate economic criteria regarding realistic discount rates and production periods varying between 16-30 years. For the circumstances that were evaluated, 'extreme' and early release from competition of pruned loblolly pine trees lead to the best economic performance (land expectation value = ~36,000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% yr-1). Stands subjected to crown thinnings, independently of intensity, produced three times the economic output of unthinned and unpruned stands. Although the optimal harvest ages, according to the internal rate of return, are between 18-22 years for thinned and unthinned stands, from a long-term perspective (land expectation value) and for the current relationship between log price and size, the optimal economic performance requires that production periods are extended (to 24-26 years) from those currently practised in southern Brazil (15-20 years).
RESUMO Aproximadamente 1,6 milhões de hectares são cultivados com Pinus no sul do Brasil, principalmente com Pinus taeda L. Mais de um terço dos povoamentos pertencem a produtores de toras independentes, cujos objetivos são maximizar os resultados econômicos. Neste estudo, um experimento de desbastes foi avaliado durante um período de produção de 30 anos. Os povoamentos avaliados foram submetidos a três diferentes intensidades de desbaste 'por copas', também denominado de 'pelo alto', mantendo uma testemunha não desbastada. Objetivou-se avaliar indicadores econômicos considerando taxas de desconto realistas e períodos de produção entre 16-30 anos. Para as circunstâncias estudadas, a liberação 'extrema' e precoce de competição de árvores podadas de P. taeda alcançou o melhor resultado econômico (valor esperado da terra = ~36.000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% ano-1). Povoamentos submetidos a desbastes por copas, independente da intensidade, produziram resultado econômico três vezes maior do que povoamentos sem desbastes e não podados. Embora a idade ótima de corte raso de acordo com a taxa interna de retorno (TIR) seja 18-22 anos para povoamentos desbastados ou não, a partir de uma perspectiva de longo prazo (valor esperado da terra) e para a atual relação preço-dimensão da tora, resultados ótimos econômicos indicam haver necessidade de prolongar os períodos de produção (24-26 anos) em comparação com a atual prática no sul do Brasil (15-20 anos). |
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AbstractList | ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one third of the stands belong to independent log producers, whose aim is to maximize their economic results. In this study, a thinning experiment was evaluated over a production period of 30 years. The stands evaluated were submitted to three different crown thinning intensities, with an unthinned stand used as a control. The aim of the study was to evaluate economic criteria regarding realistic discount rates and production periods varying between 16-30 years. For the circumstances that were evaluated, 'extreme' and early release from competition of pruned loblolly pine trees lead to the best economic performance (land expectation value = ~36,000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% yr-1). Stands subjected to crown thinnings, independently of intensity, produced three times the economic output of unthinned and unpruned stands. Although the optimal harvest ages, according to the internal rate of return, are between 18-22 years for thinned and unthinned stands, from a long-term perspective (land expectation value) and for the current relationship between log price and size, the optimal economic performance requires that production periods are extended (to 24-26 years) from those currently practised in southern Brazil (15-20 years). ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one third of the stands belong to independent log producers, whose aim is to maximize their economic results. In this study, a thinning experiment was evaluated over a production period of 30 years. The stands evaluated were submitted to three different crown thinning intensities, with an unthinned stand used as a control. The aim of the study was to evaluate economic criteria regarding realistic discount rates and production periods varying between 16-30 years. For the circumstances that were evaluated, 'extreme' and early release from competition of pruned loblolly pine trees lead to the best economic performance (land expectation value = ~36,000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% yr-1). Stands subjected to crown thinnings, independently of intensity, produced three times the economic output of unthinned and unpruned stands. Although the optimal harvest ages, according to the internal rate of return, are between 18-22 years for thinned and unthinned stands, from a long-term perspective (land expectation value) and for the current relationship between log price and size, the optimal economic performance requires that production periods are extended (to 24-26 years) from those currently practised in southern Brazil (15-20 years). RESUMO Aproximadamente 1,6 milhões de hectares são cultivados com Pinus no sul do Brasil, principalmente com Pinus taeda L. Mais de um terço dos povoamentos pertencem a produtores de toras independentes, cujos objetivos são maximizar os resultados econômicos. Neste estudo, um experimento de desbastes foi avaliado durante um período de produção de 30 anos. Os povoamentos avaliados foram submetidos a três diferentes intensidades de desbaste 'por copas', também denominado de 'pelo alto', mantendo uma testemunha não desbastada. Objetivou-se avaliar indicadores econômicos considerando taxas de desconto realistas e períodos de produção entre 16-30 anos. Para as circunstâncias estudadas, a liberação 'extrema' e precoce de competição de árvores podadas de P. taeda alcançou o melhor resultado econômico (valor esperado da terra = ~36.000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% ano-1). Povoamentos submetidos a desbastes por copas, independente da intensidade, produziram resultado econômico três vezes maior do que povoamentos sem desbastes e não podados. Embora a idade ótima de corte raso de acordo com a taxa interna de retorno (TIR) seja 18-22 anos para povoamentos desbastados ou não, a partir de uma perspectiva de longo prazo (valor esperado da terra) e para a atual relação preço-dimensão da tora, resultados ótimos econômicos indicam haver necessidade de prolongar os períodos de produção (24-26 anos) em comparação com a atual prática no sul do Brasil (15-20 anos). |
Author | Quadros, Dagoberto Stein de Dobner Jr, Mário |
AuthorAffiliation | Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau |
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Cites_doi | 10.1007/s13595-013-0274-z 10.1007/s00226-017-0983-9 10.1007/s11056-006-9025-4 10.1007/s11056-010-9191-2 10.5902/19805098895 10.5902/1980509831577 10.5380/rf.v40i3.18908 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.05.008 |
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DocumentTitleAlternate | DESEMPENHO ECONÔMICO DE POVOAMENTOS DE PINUS TAEDA NO SUL DO BRASIL SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES INTENSIDADES DE DESBASTE POR COPAS |
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Keywords | Manejo para uso múltiplo Forest management Land expectation value Multiple-use management Manejo Florestal Valor esperado da terra |
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References_xml | – volume: 8 start-page: 13 issue: 1 year: 2002 ident: ref14 article-title: Technical and economic analysis of factors affecting thinned and unthinned management regimes of Pinus taeda L publication-title: Cerne contributor: fullname: Gomes FS – volume: 70 start-page: 429 issue: 2 year: 2013 ident: ref11 article-title: Recovery rate and quality of rotary peeled veneer from 30-year-old Pinus taeda L logs in Southern Brazil publication-title: Annals of Forest Science doi: 10.1007/s13595-013-0274-z contributor: fullname: Dobner Jr M – start-page: 91 volume-title: Forest management and landowners' discount rates in the Southern United States year: 2013 ident: ref3 contributor: fullname: Atmadja SS – volume: 52 start-page: 465 year: 2018 ident: ref12 article-title: Wood density of loblolly pine trees as affected by crown thinnings and harvest age in southern Brazil publication-title: Wood Science and Technology doi: 10.1007/s00226-017-0983-9 contributor: fullname: Dobner Jr M – year: 1992 ident: ref15 contributor: fullname: Gregersen H – volume: 33 start-page: 237 year: 2007 ident: ref7 article-title: Timber investment returns for selected plantations and native forests in South America and the Southern United States publication-title: New Forests doi: 10.1007/s11056-006-9025-4 contributor: fullname: Cubbage F – year: 1987 ident: ref9 contributor: fullname: Davis LS – volume: 22 start-page: 345 issue: 3 year: 2015 ident: ref27 article-title: Economic profitability of land lease for Eucalyptus cultivation in Sao Paulo State, Brazil publication-title: Floresta e Ambiente contributor: fullname: Souza VS – volume: 40 start-page: 165 year: 2010 ident: ref28 article-title: Financial breakeven point for competition control in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill) reestablishment publication-title: New Forests doi: 10.1007/s11056-010-9191-2 contributor: fullname: Straka TJ – year: 1983 ident: ref6 contributor: fullname: Clutter JL – volume: 19 start-page: 385 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: ref10 article-title: Sawmill yield of Pinus taeda logs Large assortments publication-title: Brazilian Journal of Forestry and Environment contributor: fullname: Dobner Jr M – volume: 19 start-page: 393 issue: 4 year: 2009 ident: ref13 article-title: Economic analysis of the Pinus elliottii yield in the southeastern mountain range, Rio Grande do Sul publication-title: Ciência Florestal doi: 10.5902/19805098895 contributor: fullname: Floriano EP – year: 2009 ident: ref4 contributor: fullname: Bettinger P – volume: 56 start-page: 21 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: ref19 article-title: Discount rates used for forest valuation results of 2011 survey publication-title: New Zealand Journal of Forestry contributor: fullname: Manley B – volume: 29 start-page: 931 issue: 6 year: 2005 ident: ref26 article-title: Discussion on the criteria of economical evaluation: Net present value (VPL), equivalent annual value (VAE) and soil expected value (VET) publication-title: Revista 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thinning regimes for Pinus taeda for obtaining wood multiproducts publication-title: Cerne contributor: fullname: Acerbi Jr FW – start-page: 183 volume-title: Financial performance of loblolly and longleaf pine plantations year: 2013 ident: ref21 contributor: fullname: Mills SD – year: 1989 ident: ref23 contributor: fullname: Price C – volume: 5 start-page: 81 issue: 1 year: 1999 end-page: 102 article-title: Simulation and economic evaluation of thinning regimes for Pinus taeda for obtaining wood multiproducts publication-title: Cerne contributor: fullname: Acerbi Jr, FW; Scolforo, JRS; Oliveira, AD; Maestri, R – volume: 29 start-page: 931 issue: 6 year: 2005 end-page: 936 article-title: Discussion on the criteria of economical evaluation: Net present value (VPL), equivalent annual value (VAE) and soil expected value (VET) publication-title: Revista Árvore contributor: fullname: Silva, ML; Fontes, AA – year: 1983 publication-title: Timber management: A quantitative approach 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Higa, AR; Rocha, MP – volume: 26 start-page: 699 issue: 6 year: 2002 end-page: 713 article-title: Growth and yield prognosis model and economic evaluation of several management regimes for Pinus taeda L publication-title: Revista Árvore contributor: fullname: Acerbi Jr, FW; Scolforo, JRS; Oliveira, AD; Maestri, R – volume: 34 start-page: 1667 issue: 12 year: 2010 end-page: 1678 article-title: Global timber investments, wood costs, regulation, and risk publication-title: Biomass and Bioenergy contributor: fullname: Cubbage, F; Koesbandana, S; MacDonagh, P; Rubilar, R; Balmelli, G; Morales Olmos, V – year: 1996 publication-title: Forest resource economics and finance contributor: fullname: Klemperer, WD – year: 1998 publication-title: Manejo florestal contributor: fullname: Scolforo, JRS – publication-title: Indústria Brasileira de Árvores - IBÁ – year: 2009 publication-title: Valuing emerging market forestry investments contributor: fullname: Binkley, CS – volume: 33 start-page: 237 year: 2007 end-page: 255 article-title: Timber investment returns for selected plantations and native forests in South America and the Southern United States publication-title: New Forests contributor: fullname: Cubbage, F; MacDonagh, P; Sawinski Jr, J; Rubilar, R; Donoso, P; Ferreira, A – volume: 8 start-page: 13 issue: 1 year: 2002 end-page: 31 article-title: Technical and economic analysis of factors affecting thinned and unthinned management regimes of Pinus taeda L publication-title: Cerne contributor: fullname: Gomes, FS; Sanquetta, CR; Scolforo, JRS; Graça, LR; Maestri, R – volume: 70 start-page: 429 issue: 2 year: 2013 end-page: 437 article-title: Recovery rate and quality of rotary peeled veneer from 30-year-old Pinus taeda L logs in Southern Brazil publication-title: Annals of Forest Science contributor: fullname: Dobner Jr, M; Nutto, L; Higa, AR – year: 1992 publication-title: Economic assessment of forestry project impacts contributor: fullname: Gregersen, H; Contreras, A – volume: 54 start-page: 19 issue: 4 year: 2010 end-page: 23 article-title: Discount rates used for forest valuation Results of 2009 survey publication-title: New Zealand Journal of Forestry contributor: fullname: Manley, B – volume: 52 start-page: 465 year: 2018 end-page: 485 article-title: Wood density of loblolly pine trees as affected by crown thinnings and harvest age in southern Brazil publication-title: Wood Science and Technology contributor: fullname: Dobner Jr, M; Huss, J; Tomazello Filho, M – volume: 11 start-page: 121 issue: 1 year: 2001 end-page: 139 article-title: Simulation and economic evaluation of thinning regimes and pruning to obtain Pinus taeda wood free from knots publication-title: Ciência Florestal contributor: fullname: Scolforo, JRS; Acerbi Jr, FW; Oliveira, AD; Maestri, R – volume: 40 start-page: 165 year: 2010 end-page: 173 article-title: Financial breakeven point for competition control in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill) reestablishment publication-title: New Forests contributor: fullname: Straka, TJ – year: 1989 publication-title: The theory and application of forest economics contributor: fullname: Price, C – volume: 56 start-page: 21 issue: 4 year: 2012 end-page: 28 article-title: Discount rates used for forest valuation results of 2011 survey publication-title: New Zealand Journal of Forestry contributor: fullname: Manley, B – volume: 22 start-page: 345 issue: 3 year: 2015 end-page: 354 article-title: Economic profitability of land lease for Eucalyptus cultivation in Sao Paulo State, Brazil publication-title: Floresta e Ambiente contributor: fullname: Souza, VS; Timofeiczyk Jr, R; Berger, R; Silva, JCGL; Delacote, P – year: 2013 publication-title: Sustainable management of Pinus radiata plantations contributor: fullname: Mead, DJ – volume: 40 start-page: 469 issue: 3 year: 2010 end-page: 476 article-title: Comparative analysis of the economic viability of Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus dunnii plantations in the south-center region of Parana State, Brazil publication-title: Floresta contributor: fullname: Vitale, V; Miranda, GM |
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Snippet | ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one... |
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Title | ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF LOBLOLLY PINE STANDS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL AS A RESULT OF DIFFERENT CROWN THINNING INTENSITIES1 |
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