Bacteremia due to Leuconostoc species: A 13-year single-center case series

Leuconostoc spp. are facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive cocci involved in cases of hospital-acquired bacteremia, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. The available data is scarce due to its uncommon presentation. We describe all the episodes of Leuconostoc spp. bacteremia in a third level hospital...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica Vol. 42; no. 3; pp. 149 - 151
Main Authors: Caso, José María, Recio, Raúl, Ruiz-Ruigómez, María, Orellana, María Ángeles, Fernández-Ruiz, Mario
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier España, S.L.U 01-03-2024
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Summary:Leuconostoc spp. are facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive cocci involved in cases of hospital-acquired bacteremia, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. The available data is scarce due to its uncommon presentation. We describe all the episodes of Leuconostoc spp. bacteremia in a third level hospital in a 13-year period (2008–2021). Four cases of clinically relevant bacteremia were detected. All cases were categorized as catheter-related. The following risk factors were found: previous glycopeptide therapy (75%), use of parenteral nutrition (100%) and cancer (75%). All isolates showed susceptibility to beta-lactams. Catheter removal was performed and wide spectrum antimicrobials were administered, with clinical response in all cases except one. Apart from cancer and glycopeptide exposure, disruption of skin barrier and gastrointestinal conditions were identified as risk factors, as it was concordantly underlined in other case series. Susceptibility to beta-lactams is usually maintained. Catheter removal and administration of an active antibacterial therapy seem to be the best approach for Leuconostoc spp. catheter-related bacteremia. Los microorganismos del género Leuconostoc son cocos grampositivos anaerobios facultativos, involucrados en casos de bacteriemia en pacientes hospitalizados, especialmente con factores de inmunosupresión. La literatura disponible es escasa por su baja frecuencia. Describimos todos los episodios de bacteriemia por Leuconostoc spp. en un hospital de tercer nivel en un periodo de 13 años (2008-2021). Se detectaron 4 aislamientos clínicamente significativos. Todos ellos fueron categorizados como bacteriemia relacionada con catéter. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo: la exposición previa a glucopéptidos (75%), nutrición parenteral (100%) y cáncer (75%). Todos los aislamientos presentaron sensibilidad a betalactámicos. Se procedió a retirada del catéter y se administraron antimicrobianos de amplio espectro con buena respuesta clínica, salvo en un caso. Además del cáncer y la exposición a glucopéptidos, la disrupción de la barrera cutánea y las enfermedades gastrointestinales se identificaron como factores de riesgo, al igual que en otras series. La sensibilidad a betalactámicos suele mantenerse. La retirada del catéter y el uso de terapia antibiótica activa parece ser la mejor alternativa terapéutica para la bacteriemia relacionada con catéter por Leuconostoc spp.
ISSN:0213-005X
DOI:10.1016/j.eimc.2023.01.003