Antimicrobial and Biofilm Formation Inhibition Properties of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Tuber Extract of Cyperus esculentus

• Published in: BioNanoScience Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 103 - 113
• Main Authors: Ankudze, Bright, Neglo, David, Harley, Benjamin Kingsley
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-03-2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Biofilms; Biological and Medical Physics; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Biophysics; Ciprofloxacin; Circuits and Systems; Cyperus esculentus; Drug development; Drug resistance; E coli; Effectiveness; Engineering; Klebsiella; Mass production; Methicillin; Microorganisms; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Production methods; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Reducing agents; Silver; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus infections; Synthesis; Tubers; Biofilm inhibition; Green synthesis; Synergistic effect; Antimicrobial properties; Cyperus esculentus; Silver nanoparticles
• ISSN: 2191-1630; 2191-1649
• DOI: 10.1007/s12668-023-01061-w

The use of silver nanoparticles obtained by the green synthesis approach in the field of nanomedicine is on the rise. Therefore, it is imperative to search for and develop simple, safe, and quick methods for mass production. Our previous study demonstrated a green synthesis approach that offers the possibility to reuse biomaterial to synthesise silver nanoparticles.
Cyperus esculentus
tubers were used as bio-reductant to synthesise silver nanoparticles (CpE-AgNPs) with sizes ranging from 50 to 80 nm. In the present study, the antimicrobial properties of the CpE-AgNPs were studied. The efficacy of the CpE-AgNPs was demonstrated against selected microorganisms, namely,
Escherichia coli
,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
Salmonella typhi
,
Bacillus subtilis
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA),
Streptococcus mutans
, and
Candida albicans
. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the CpE-AgNPs against the selected microorganisms ranged from 7.81 to 250 µg/mL, with
B. subtilis
being the most susceptible. The CpE-AgNPs were bacteri-/fungi-cidal against all the studied microorganisms. The efficacy of prepared CpE-AgNPs to enhance the potency of standard antibiotics was also demonstrated in combination with tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. The combinatory effect ranged from synergistic to antagonistic. The CpE-AgNPs were also efficacious in inhibiting microbial biofilm formation. Biofilm inhibition up to 100% was demonstrated against MRSA,
S. mutans
,
P. aeruginosa
, and
C. albicans
at a concentration of 250 µg/mL. The results from the study show that the CpE-AgNPs can serve as an effective drug candidate in the fight against the growing antimicrobial-resistant menace.