Disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma Associated With Cytomegalovirus Proctitis in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV): A Major Diagnostic Dilemma

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor of low malignancy. Lesions may vary in shape, color, and size. Angiogenesis, spindle-shaped cells, and inflammatory infiltration are the main histologic features of the condition. Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection and immune dysfunction play a key role in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 7
Main Authors:	Portella, Rodrigo, Ponce, Cesar Cilento, Patzina, Rosely Antunes, Ardengh, Jose C, Calanca, Richard
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Palo Alto Cureus Inc 17-07-2023 Cureus
Subjects:	Antigens Anus Biopsy Case reports Chemotherapy Colonoscopy Coronaviruses Cytomegalovirus Endoscopy Gastroenterology HIV HIV/AIDS Hospitalization Human immunodeficiency virus Infections Infectious Disease Kaposis sarcoma Lavage Medical diagnosis Pathology Patients Pneumonia Tumors Ulcers
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Summary:	Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor of low malignancy. Lesions may vary in shape, color, and size. Angiogenesis, spindle-shaped cells, and inflammatory infiltration are the main histologic features of the condition. Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection and immune dysfunction play a key role in the development of KS. We report a case of a 40-year-old man with disseminated KS (DKS) who underwent an endoscopic examination. Colonoscopy revealed an ulcer in the anal canal. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) proctitis, a rare and underreported pathology.
ISSN:	2168-8184 2168-8184
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.42039