Effect of oxidation and in vitro intestinal hydrolysis on phospholipid toxicity towards HT29 cell line serving as a model of human intestinal epithelium

• Published in: Food research international Vol. 163; p. 112227
• Main Authors: Parchem, Karol, Baranowska, Monika, Kościelak, Anna, Kłosowska-Chomiczewska, Ilona, Domingues, M. Rosário, Macierzanka, Adam, Bartoszek, Agnieszka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Canada Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2023
• Subjects: Animals; Bile salts; Cell Line; Chickens - metabolism; Female; Humans; Hydrolysis; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestinal oxidative stress; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidized phospholipids; Pancreatic phospholipase A2; Phospholipases A2 - metabolism; Phospholipases A2 - toxicity; Phospholipid hydrolysis; Phospholipids - metabolism; GPx2; PV; Intestinal oxidative stress; LPL; MDA; BS; oxPL; PDI; RNS; GSH; GSSG; Oxidized phospholipids; LOH; IEC; PLA2; LOP; ER; Bile salts; SIF; FAME; PC; LOX; Pancreatic phospholipase A2; PE; ROS; Phospholipid hydrolysis; CLD; TAG; PL; LOOH; Pancreatic phospholipase A
• ISSN: 0963-9969; 1873-7145
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112227

[Display omitted]
•Oxidation of hen egg yolk PLs decreased the rate of their hydrolysis catalysed by PLA2.•PLA2 inhibition was caused by low-molecular aldehydes, including hexanal and (E)-2-nonenal.•PL oxidation products after hydrolysis exhibited the highest cytotoxicity towards HT29 cells.•Native and oxidized PLs, both before and after hydrolysis, decreased BS-induced DNA strand breaks.•Native and oxidized PL hydrolysis increased neutral lipid accumulation in CLDs in HT29 cells.
Oxidation of food-derived phospholipids (PLs) can influence nutrient digestion and induce oxidative stress in gastrointestinal epithelium. In this study, hen egg yolk PL fraction was used to evaluate the effect of lipoxygenase (LOX)-induced PL oxidation on the rate of PL hydrolysis catalyzed by pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the presence of bile salts (BSs). Then, PL/BS solutions containing native or oxidized PLs were used in in vitro intestinal digestion to assess the effect of PL oxidation and hydrolysis on the toxicity towards HT29 cell line. Based on the obtained results, we suggest that hexanal and (E)-2-nonenal, formed by the decomposition of PL hydroperoxides, inhibited PLA2 activity. The cell exposure to simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) containing BSs decreased HT29 cell viability and significantly damaged cellular DNA. However, the genotoxic effect was reversed in the presence of all tested PL samples, while the protective effect against the BS-induced cytotoxicity was observed for native non-hydrolyzed PLs, but was not clearly visible for other samples. This can result from an overlap of other toxic effects such as lipotoxicity or disturbance of cellular redox homeostasis. Taking into account the data obtained, it was proposed that the PLA2 activity decline in the presence of PL oxidation products may be a kind of protective mechanism against rapid release of oxidized FAs characterized by high cytotoxic effect towards intestinal epithelium cells.