A congenital periocular leiomyosarcoma in a dairy calf

• Published in: Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 937 - 940
• Main Authors: García, Jorge P., Tambella, Victoria M., Cantatore, Sofía E., García, Juan A., Riccio, Belén M., Moscuzza, Hernán C., Rivulgo, Margarita V., Rosatti, Juan J., Viviani, Paula, Uzal, Francisco A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-11-2024
• Subjects: eye; leiomyosarcoma; calf
• ISSN: 1040-6387; 1943-4936; 1943-4936
• DOI: 10.1177/10406387241275988

A mass was removed surgically from the right orbit of a 1-d-old Holstein calf. Grossly, the mass filled the rostral part of an enlarged orbit and compressed the globe toward the caudal pole of the orbit. The brown, 6-cm tumor had central yellow and brown areas, and a smooth, glistening cut surface. Microscopically, the neoplasm was highly cellular and composed of spindle cells arranged in irregular, broad, interlacing streams and bundles, forming a herringbone pattern and supported by a sparse collagenous matrix. Neoplastic cells infiltrated surrounding soft tissues and compressed the globe. The neoplastic cells had positive immunolabeling for α–smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin, and negative immunolabeling for factor VIII, myoglobin, cytokeratin, and skeletal muscle actin. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry results confirmed a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. To our knowledge, congenital periocular leiomyosarcoma has not been reported in cattle previously. This rare tumor could be included as a differential diagnosis in newborn calves with periocular masses.