Gradual glass waste replacement at the expense of feldspar in Ceramic tiles

• Published in: Journal of building pathology and rehabilitation Vol. 6; no. 1
• Main Author: Darweesh, H. H. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-12-2021
• Subjects: Building Materials; Building Repair and Maintenance; Energy Efficiency; Engineering; Engineering Thermodynamics; Heat and Mass Transfer; Research Article; Structural Materials; Clay; Glass waste; Ceramic tiles; Water absorption; Porosity; Shrinkage; Density; Strength; Feldspar
• ISSN: 2365-3159; 2365-3167
• DOI: 10.1007/s41024-021-00123-4

The utilization of glass waste nanoparticles (GW) at the expense of feldspar (F) to produce wall and/or floor tiles was investigated. Results showed that the water absorption and apparent porosity for F20, F15) and FG10 decreased as the firing temperature increased up to 1200 °C, while bulk density increased. For G15 and G20, the water absorption and apparent porosity only decreased up to 1100 °C, whereas the bulk density increased, but with further increase of firing temperature the opposite was noted. The same trend was displayed with bending and crushing strengths of the same ceramic composites. The dry shrinkage recorded zero reading, i.e., it was unchanged, while the firing shrinkage was slightly increased with firing temperature up to 1100 °C, but little sharply increased at 1150–1200 °C. The firing shrinkage increased with the increase of GW at the expense of F. The optimum firing temperature was 1100 °C for G15 and G20, but 1200 °C for F20, F15 and FG10. So, the experimental results revealed that GW improved the physical, mechanical and thermal properties comparing with those containing F. In case of GW, the higher firing temperatures are undesirable due to its adverse effect on physical and mechanical properties of the fired products. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the optimum ceramic batch (G20) proved that the resulting ceramic products achieved better physical, mechanical and thermal properties than those of the other batches, and even of the blank at all firing temperatures, particularly at the optimum firing temperature (1100 °C) due to the formation of new phases which were responsible for the higher values of densification parameters as well as mechanical strength.