The digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) in eggs and egg-containing breakfast meals is greater than in toast breads or hash browns served without eggs

• Published in: Journal of nutritional science (Cambridge) Vol. 13
• Main Authors: Fanelli, Natalia S., Martins, Juliana C. F. R., Stein, Hans H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 12-11-2024
• Subjects: Amino acids; Cellulose; Cooking; DIAAS; Diet; Dietary minerals; Digestibility; Eggs; Food; Heat; Hogs; Hypotheses; Ingredients; Metabolism and Metabolic Studies; Nitrogen; Protein quality; Proteins; United States > US; Texas; Amino acids; Protein quality; DIAAS; Eggs; Digestibility
• ISSN: 2048-6790; 2048-6790
• DOI: 10.1017/jns.2024.71

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) for eggs cooked in different forms and in traditional egg-bread or egg-hash brown combinations, and to test the hypothesis that DIAAS in eggs is greater than in breads or potatoes. Nine ileal cannulated gilts (average initial body weight: 51.1 ± 6.0 kg) were allotted to a 9 × 6 Youden square design with nine diets and six 7-day periods. Fried egg, boiled egg, scrambled egg, English muffin, Texas toast, and hash brown were included in the experiment. Six diets each contained one source of protein and three diets were combinations of fried eggs and English muffin, boiled eggs and Texas toast, or scrambled egg and hash brown. A nitrogen-free diet was also used and fed to all pigs in one period. The standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) was calculated, and DIAAS was calculated for the individual ingredient and combined meals for children between 6 and 36 months and individuals older than 3 years. For both age groups, all cooked eggs had greater (P < 0.001) DIAAS compared with the other foods, and hash brown had greater (P < 0.001) DIAAS than both breads. All combined meals had DIAAS greater than 75 and there were no differences between measured and predicted DIAAS for the combined meals. In conclusion, eggs have ‘excellent’ protein quality for individuals older than 6 months and can compensate for the lower protein quality in plant-based foods, and DIAAS obtained from individual ingredients are additive in mixed meals.