Trichomonas vaginalis AND HIV INFECTION: RELATION AND PREVALENCE AMONG WOMEN IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

• Published in: Revista de patologia tropical Vol. 48; no. 1; pp. 15 - 24
• Main Authors: Bruni, Mirian Pinheiro, Caetano dos Santos, Carolina, Stauffert, Dulce, Da Cunha Filho, Nilton, De Oliveira Bicca, Guilherme, Freitas da Silveira, Mariângela, Amélia da Rosa Farias, Nara
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 15-04-2019
• DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v48i1.55324
• EISSN: 1980-8178
• ISSN: 0301-0406

Trichomoniasis is a curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) that has been reported to be linked to exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), although few studies have described this association. The purpose of this study was to focus on the incidence of trichomoniasis in low-income women, its relation to HIV status, viral load levels and TCD4+ cell counts, among other risk factors, using an in vitro culture as a diagnostic test. A crosssectional study among 267 women (103 HIV-positive and 164 HIV-negative) was conducted in 2015. The overall prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection was 6.4%. Among HIVpositive and HIV-negative women, the prevalence was 3.9% and 7.9%, respectively, yet these results were not statistically different (p=0.1878). The factors associated with TV infection were cigarette smoking (OR= 3.52), vaginal itching (OR=4.43) and bacterial vaginosis (BV) (OR= 5.29). HIV status, TCD4+ cell count and viral load were not associated with TV infection in this group. The prevalence rates found, lower than those observed in other studies, may be due to the fact that the women evaluated in the present study are part of a low-risk populationas well as the limited sample size of HIV positive women.