Prevalence of surgical site infection in orthopedic procedures, in an institution in the municipality of Pereira, 2022 [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

• Published in: F1000 research Vol. 13; p. 399
• Main Authors: Londoño Rodríguez, Isabella, Ocampo López, Juliana, López Gómez, Katherine, Duque Salazar, William, Acevedo Osorio, German Oved, Blanco Vanegas, Angelica María, Giraldo Ospina, Carlos Eduardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2024
• Subjects: Surgical wound infection; postoperative complications; orthopedic procedures; sepsis
• ISSN: 2046-1402; 2046-1402
• DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.148676.1

Background
The acquisition of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) is characterized by developing during the patient's hospital stay and even after the hospital stay during the recovery period, as long as it is due to factors intrinsic to the hospitalization or medical treatment of the entity, as well as surgical techniques that require prophylactic treatment and medical surveillance.
Methods
Type and design of research: Quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective. The population and sample is made up of patients who underwent orthopedic surgery in an institution in the municipality of Pereira, between January and December 2022.
Results
The results showed that there are significant differences between genders in the incidence of certain medical conditions and response to certain treatments. Women appear to be more prone to deep infections, use more chlorhexidine as an antiseptic, and show a higher prevalence of pathologic conditions compared to men. In addition, differences in the distribution of ASA classification and surgical wound type suggest possible health disparities between genders in the context of orthopedic surgery.
Conclusions
The importance of implementing infection prevention and control strategies adapted to specific contexts is evident. Despite the differences in the risk factors identified, both studies highlight the importance of optimizing antibiotic prophylaxis and adequately managing specific comorbidities to reduce the incidence of postsurgical infections. Furthermore, attention to perioperative surveillance and surgical time management are suggested as key areas to improve surgical outcomes in both cohorts of patients, as they can contribute significantly to the reduction of the incidence of SSIs in patients undergoing orthopedic procedures.