A detailed quantitative analysis of circulating T peripheral and follicular helper lymphocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Peripheral and follicular helper T lymphocytes (Tph and Tfh, respectively) have an important role in B cell immune responses and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several studies on the number of Tph and Tfh cells in these conditions have...
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Published in: | Reumatología clinica Vol. 20; no. 9; pp. 476 - 483 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier España, S.L.U
01-11-2024
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Peripheral and follicular helper T lymphocytes (Tph and Tfh, respectively) have an important role in B cell immune responses and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several studies on the number of Tph and Tfh cells in these conditions have been published, different phenotypes have been employed for their analysis. In this study, we assessed the levels and function of Tph and Tfh cells in blood samples from patients with RA and SLE by using an extended immunophenotype.
In a cross-sectional pilot study, blood samples from twenty-seven patients with RA and fifteen with SLE, and twenty-six healthy controls were studied. The levels of Tph (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5−CD38+CD69+ICOS+) and Tfh (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5+CD38+CD69+ICOS+) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, the function of Tph/Tfh cells was estimated by measuring the synthesis of IL-21 by these lymphocytes as well as the number of circulating plasmablasts (CD19+CD27+CD20−CD38hi).
Increased percentages of Tph and Tfh lymphocytes were detected in patients with RA and SLE. Furthermore, the synthesis of IL-21 tended to be higher in both conditions, and higher levels of plasmablasts were detected in these patients, compared to controls. In patients with SLE, the number of Tph cells was associated with disease activity and with the levels of circulating plasmablasts, whereas in patients with RA a significant correlation between Tph cells and evolution time was observed.
Our data of Tph and Tfh lymphocytes, based in the analysis of an extended phenotype of these cells, provides further evidence on their involvement in the pathogenesis of RA and SLE.
Los linfocitos T de ayuda foliculares y de ayuda periféricos (Tfh y Tph) tienen un papel importante en la respuesta inmune humoral y la patogenia de la artritis reumatoide (AR) y el lupus eritematoso generalizado (LEG). Aunque se han publicado estudios sobre el número de células Tfh y Tph en sangre venosa periférica de pacientes con AR y LES, esto se ha realizado utilizando diferentes inmunofenotipos. En este estudio se analizó el número y la función de estos linfocitos aplicando un inmunofenotipo extendido.
En un estudio de casos y controles se incluyeron a 27 pacientes con AR, 15 con LES y 26 controles sanos. Los niveles de células Tph (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5−CD38+CD69+ICOS+) y Tfh (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5+CD38+CD69+ICOS+) se analizaron por citometría de flujo. Además, la función de las células Tph/Tfh se estimó mediante el análisis de la producción de IL-21 y los niveles de plasmablastos (CD19+CD27+CD20−CD38hi) circulantes.
Se encontraron niveles incrementados de células Tfh y Tph en pacientes con AR y LES. Además, los niveles de IL-21 tendieron a ser más elevados en estos pacientes y el número de plasmablastos fue más alto en los mismos. Por otra parte, se encontró en LES una correlación significativa entre el número de células Tph y la actividad de la enfermedad y el número de plasmablastos, mientras que en AR se observó una asociación significativa entre niveles de células Tph y tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad.
Consideramos que nuestros resultados, basados en un análisis de fenotipo extendido de células Tfh y Tph, apoyan adicionalmente la participación de estas células de ayuda en la patogenia de la AR y el LES. |
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ISSN: | 1699-258X |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.reuma.2024.07.002 |