Factors Associated With the Recruitment of Primary Care Workforce in Rural Vermont: A Pilot Study

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 16; no. 10
• Main Authors: Waeldner, Kathleen, Kruglik, Christopher P, Halvorson-Phelan, Julia, Lee, Joon Young, Taylor-Olson, Carolyn, Hammond, Marty, Fung, Mark K, Carney, Jan K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Palo Alto (CA) Cureus 20-10-2024
• Subjects: Epidemiology/Public Health; Family/General Practice; Public Health
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.71941

Objective
This study, conducted in collaboration with Windham Aging, aims to explore the key factors influencing the recruitment of primary care professionals (PCPs) in rural Vermont. It strives to contribute to the development of effective strategies to address the healthcare needs of rural communities, particularly focusing on the aging population.
Methods
The study employed a qualitative approach, involving structured interviews with Family Medicine residents and Doctor of Nurse Practitioner (DNP) students training at the University of Vermont Medical Center who were interested in pursuing primary care. The interview questions were developed after a roundtable discussion with rural Vermont PCPs. The data were analyzed using thematic, inductive methods.
Results
The study included 12 participants. Its findings challenge common assumptions about rural healthcare recruitment. While financial incentives are traditionally considered pivotal, this research revealed that personal and lifestyle factors play a more crucial role. Such factors include prior experiences in rural healthcare, preferences for rural living, and community attributes such as housing availability, educational facilities, and political landscape. These insights reveal a complex interplay of personal and community factors in the decision-making process. 
Conclusions
To effectively recruit PCPs in rural areas of Vermont, strategies need to extend beyond financial incentives. Emphasizing rural exposure during medical education and fostering stronger ties with rural healthcare settings during clinical rotations are key. Understanding the varied motivations behind healthcare professionals’ choices is crucial for developing successful recruitment strategies in rural areas.