Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity of Piper longum root aqueous extract in STZ induced diabetic rats

• Published in: BMC complementary and alternative medicine Vol. 13; no. 1; p. 37
• Main Authors: Nabi, Shaik Abdul, Kasetti, Ramesh Babu, Sirasanagandla, Swapna, Tilak, Thandaiah Krishna, Kumar, Malaka Venkateshwarulu Jyothi, Rao, Chippada Appa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 18-02-2013; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticholesteremic agents; Antihypeglycemic; Antihyperlipidemic; Atherosclerosis; Biological products; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood sugar; Care and treatment; Complications and side effects; Diabetes; Diabetes Complications - blood; Diabetes Complications - prevention & control; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes therapy; Drinking water; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Health aspects; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemic agents; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use; Insulin; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney Diseases - blood; Kidney Diseases - etiology; Kidney Diseases - prevention & control; Lipids - blood; Liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver Diseases - blood; Liver Diseases - etiology; Liver Diseases - prevention & control; Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Male; Materia medica, Vegetable; Medicinal plants; Medicine, Botanic; Medicine, Herbal; Oxidases; Phytotherapy; Piper; Piper longum; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plant Roots; Plant sciences; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Streptozocin; Streptozotocin
• ISSN: 1472-6882; 1472-6882
• DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-37

The available drugs for diabetes, Insulin or Oral hypoglycemic agents have one or more side effects. Search for new antidiabetic drugs with minimal or no side effects from medicinal plants is a challenge according to WHO recommendations. In this aspect, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Piper longum root aqueous extract (PlrAqe) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.
Diabetes was induced in male Wister albino rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ (50 mg/kg.b.w). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured by glucose-oxidase & peroxidase reactive strips. Serum biochemical parameters such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were estimated. The activities of liver and kidney functional markers were measured. The statistical analysis of results was carried out using Student t-test and one-way analysis (ANOVA) followed by DMRT.
During the short term study the aqueous extract at a dosage of 200 mg/kg.b.w was found to possess significant antidiabetic activity after 6 h of the treatment. The administration of aqueous extract at the same dose for 30 days in STZ induced diabetic rats resulted in a significant decrease in FBG levels with the corrections of diabetic dyslipidemia compared to untreated diabetic rats. There was a significant decrease in the activities of liver and renal functional markers in diabetic treated rats compared to untreated diabetic rats indicating the protective role of the aqueous extract against liver and kidney damage and its non-toxic property.
From the above results it is concluded that the plant extract is capable of managing hyperglycemia and complications of diabetes in STZ induced diabetic rats. Hence this plant may be considered as one of the potential sources for the isolation of new oral anti hypoglycemic agent(s).