Genotype-informed nutrition counselling in clinical practice

• Published in: BMJ nutrition, prevention & health Vol. 6; no. 2; pp. 407 - 412
• Main Authors: Kohlmeier, Martin, Baah, Emmanuel, Washko, Matthew, Adams, Kelly
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01-12-2023; BMJ Publishing Group LTD; BMJ Publishing Group
• Subjects: blood pressure lowering; Diet; Fruits; Grain; irritable bowel syndrome; lipid lowering; Nutrition; Nutrition education; Obesity; Practice patterns and guidelines; precision nutrition; Weight control; weight management; weight management; lipid lowering; blood pressure lowering; irritable bowel syndrome; precision nutrition
• ISSN: 2516-5542; 2516-5542
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2023-000808

Avoid adding butter or cream to meals or when preparing dishes. ① PLIN1 (TT) (rs894160) Eu: 9% Afr: 10% Limit carbs Prefer whole grains, whole-grain breakfast cereals, sweet potatoes, beans and legumes and non-starchy vegetables. ② FGF21 (GG)* (rs838147) Eu: 30% Afr: 49% Limit fat Prefer whole grains, whole-grain breakfast cereals, sweet potatoes, beans and legumes and non-starchy vegetables. ② FGF21 (AA)* (rs838147) Eu: 23% Afr: 8% Limit carbs Fewer sugary sodas, less bread, pasta, pizza, chips, pretzels, crackers, potatoes, cakes and candy. Extra virgin olive oil, herbs, spices and less salt. ⑦ Abdominal distress: less indigestible carbohydrates LCT (CC) (rs4988235) Eu: 31% Afr: 71% Limit lactose Avoid animal milk and soft cheeses; prefer hard cheeses or lactose-free alternatives. Try plant-based products, maybe a lactase supplement. ⑧ SI (AA)15Phe (rs9290264) Eu: 9% Afr: 2% Limit starch and sucrose Eat less starches, sugar, maple syrup, sweet fruits and juices (orange, apple, peach, mango, melon, strawberry and pineapple) and milk chocolate. ⑨ Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: reduce excessive liver fat PNPLA3 (GG) (rs738409) Eu: 5% Afr: 2% Limit carbs and lose weight Limit sugary sodas, bread, pasta, pizza, chips, pretzels, crackers, potatoes, cakes and candy. APOA2: About one in seven Americans has the rs5082 CC genotype, which is associated with lower weight while consuming minimal amounts of saturated fat but not with higher saturated fat intake.9 This interactive effect of saturated fat intake and the rs5082 CC genotype on body weight has been replicated across diverse US, European and Asian populations.10 11 Carriers of the CC genotype vulnerable to weight gain tend to have more behavioural traits typically associated with weight gain and higher concentrations of the ‘hunger hormone’ ghrelin with high saturated fat intake than with low saturated fat intake.11 12 These effects are not seen in carriers of the TT genotype.