Alcohol use during pregnancy: prevalence and patterns in selected Buffalo City areas, South Africa

The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this research were to establish the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with alcohol use amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics...

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Published in:African journal of reproductive health Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 114 - 121
Main Authors: Macleod, Catriona I, Young, Charles, Molokoe, Katlego
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Benin City Women's Health and Action Research Centre 01-02-2021
Women's Health and Action Research Centre (WHARC)
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Abstract The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this research were to establish the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with alcohol use amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two former township areas of Buffalo City, South Africa. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic questions, and the Alcohol Use Test (AUDIT). The questionnaire was administered in English, Afrikaans or isiXhosa by healthcare providers trained in its administration. Consecutive sampling was used, with all willing women presenting at public clinics offering antenatal care in the two townships being invited to participate. Of the 18 clinics operating in the two townships, 16 were willing to participate, resulting in a sample of 1028 women over a nine-month period. Data were analysed in Medcalc using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Two-thirds of the sample did not drink alcohol, but results showed high levels of risky alcohol use: 20.1% on the total AUDIT scale, and 16.8% on the AUDIT-C scale. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with risky drinking: age; race; report of intimate partner violence (IPV); and other regular drinker in the home. Employment status, education status, relationship status, parity and gestation were not associated with risky drinking. Interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use during pregnancy should address: drinking youth cultures; drinking norms within the home; and intimate partner violence. Future studies should include additional mental and physical health variables. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121). Le taux élevé de troubles du spectre de l'alcoolisation foetale, qui résulte de la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse, est préoccupant en Afrique du Sud. Les objectifs de cette recherche étaient d'établir la prévalence, les schémas et les facteurs associés à la consommation d'alcool chez les femmes enceintes fréquentant des cliniques prénatales dans deux anciens cantons (townships) de Buffalo City, en Afrique du Sud. Une enquête a été menée à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré qui comprenait des questions sociodémographiques, et le test d'identification des troubles liés à l'abus d'alcool (AUDIT). Le questionnaire a été administré en anglais, afrikaans ou isiXhosa par des prestataires de soins formés à son administration. Un échantillonnage consécutif a été utilisé, toutes les femmes consentantes se présentant dans des cliniques publiques offrant des soins prénatals dans les deux cantons ont été invitées à participer. 16 des 18 cliniques opérant dans les deux cantons ont été disposées à participer, ce qui a donné un échantillon de 1028 femmes sur une période de neuf mois. Les données ont été analysées dans Medcalc en utilisant des statistiques descriptives, une analyse unidirectionnelle de la variance, un test-t pour échantillons indépendants et une analyse multivariée de régression logistique binaire. Les deux tiers de l'échantillon ne buvaient pas d'alcool, mais les résultats ont montré des niveaux élevés de consommation d'alcool à risque: 20,1% sur l'échelle AUDIT totale et 16,8% sur l'échelle AUDIT-C. On a trouvé les variables suivantes significativement associées à la consommation à risque d'alcool: âge; course; rapport de violence entre partenaires intimes (VPI); et autre buveur régulier à la maison. Le statut d'emploi, le niveau de scolarité, le statut relationnel, la parité et la gestation n'étaient pas associés à une consommation d'alcool à risque. Des interventions visant à réduire la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse devraient aborder: les cultures de consommation d'alcool chez les jeunes; les normes de consommation d'alcool à la maison; et la violence entre partenaires intimes. Des études futures devraient inclure des variables de santé mentale et physique supplémentaires. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121).
AbstractList The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this research were to establish the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with alcohol use amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two former township areas of Buffalo City, South Africa. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic questions, and the Alcohol Use Test (AUDIT). The questionnaire was administered in English, Afrikaans or isiXhosa by healthcare providers trained in its administration. Consecutive sampling was used, with all willing women presenting at public clinics offering antenatal care in the two townships being invited to participate. Of the 18 clinics operating in the two townships, 16 were willing to participate, resulting in a sample of 1028 women over a nine-month period. Data were analysed in Medcalc using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Two-thirds of the sample did not drink alcohol, but results showed high levels of risky alcohol use: 20.1% on the total AUDIT scale, and 16.8% on the AUDIT-C scale. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with risky drinking: age; race; report of intimate partner violence (IPV); and other regular drinker in the home. Employment status, education status, relationship status, parity and gestation were not associated with risky drinking. Interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use during pregnancy should address: drinking youth cultures; drinking norms within the home; and intimate partner violence. Future studies should include additional mental and physical health variables. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121). Keywords: Alcohol, pregnancy, prevalence, South Africa Le taux eleve de troubles du spectre de l'alcoolisation foetale, qui resulte de la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse, est preoccupant en Afrique du Sud. Les objectifs de cette recherche etaient d'etablir la prevalence, les schemas et les facteurs associes a la consommation d'alcool chez les femmes enceintes frequentant des cliniques prenatales dans deux anciens cantons (townships) de Buffalo City, en Afrique du Sud. Une enquete a ete menee a l'aide d'un questionnaire structure qui comprenait des questions sociodemographiques, et le test d'identification des troubles lies a l'abus d'alcool (AUDIT). Le questionnaire a ete administre en anglais, afrikaans ou isiXhosa par des prestataires de soins formes a son administration. Un echantillonnage consecutif a ete utilise, toutes les femmes consentantes se presentant dans des cliniques publiques offrant des soins prenatals dans les deux cantons ont ete invitees a participer. 16 des 18 cliniques operant dans les deux cantons ont ete disposees a participer, ce qui a donne un echantillon de 1028 femmes sur une periode de neuf mois. Les donnees ont ete analysees dans Medcalc en utilisant des statistiques descriptives, une analyse unidirectionnelle de la variance, un test-t pour echantillons independants et une analyse multivariee de regression logistique binaire. Les deux tiers de l'echantillon ne buvaient pas d'alcool, mais les resultats ont montre des niveaux eleves de consommation d'alcool a risque: 20,1% sur l'echelle AUDIT totale et 16,8% sur l'echelle AUDIT-C. On a trouve les variables suivantes significativement associees a la consommation a risque d'alcool: age; course; rapport de violence entre partenaires intimes (VPI); et autre buveur regulier a la maison. Le statut d'emploi, le niveau de scolarite, le statut relationnel, la parite et la gestation n'etaient pas associes a une consommation d'alcool a risque. Des interventions visant a reduire la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse devraient aborder: les cultures de consommation d'alcool chez les jeunes; les normes de consommation d'alcool a la maison; et la violence entre partenaires intimes. Des etudes futures devraient inclure des variables de sante mentale et physique supplementaires. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121). Mots-cles: Alcool, grossesse, prevalence, Afrique du Sud
The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this research were to establish the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with alcohol use amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two former township areas of Buffalo City, South Africa. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic questions, and the Alcohol Use Test (AUDIT). The questionnaire was administered in English, Afrikaans or isiXhosa by healthcare providers trained in its administration. Consecutive sampling was used, with all willing women presenting at public clinics offering antenatal care in the two townships being invited to participate. Of the 18 clinics operating in the two townships, 16 were willing to participate, resulting in a sample of 1028 women over a nine-month period. Data were analysed in Medcalc using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Two-thirds of the sample did not drink alcohol, but results showed high levels of risky alcohol use: 20.1% on the total AUDIT scale, and 16.8% on the AUDIT-C scale. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with risky drinking: age; race; report of intimate partner violence (IPV); and other regular drinker in the home. Employment status, education status, relationship status, parity and gestation were not associated with risky drinking. Interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use during pregnancy should address: drinking youth cultures; drinking norms within the home; and intimate partner violence. Future studies should include additional mental and physical health variables. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121). Le taux élevé de troubles du spectre de l'alcoolisation foetale, qui résulte de la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse, est préoccupant en Afrique du Sud. Les objectifs de cette recherche étaient d'établir la prévalence, les schémas et les facteurs associés à la consommation d'alcool chez les femmes enceintes fréquentant des cliniques prénatales dans deux anciens cantons (townships) de Buffalo City, en Afrique du Sud. Une enquête a été menée à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré qui comprenait des questions sociodémographiques, et le test d'identification des troubles liés à l'abus d'alcool (AUDIT). Le questionnaire a été administré en anglais, afrikaans ou isiXhosa par des prestataires de soins formés à son administration. Un échantillonnage consécutif a été utilisé, toutes les femmes consentantes se présentant dans des cliniques publiques offrant des soins prénatals dans les deux cantons ont été invitées à participer. 16 des 18 cliniques opérant dans les deux cantons ont été disposées à participer, ce qui a donné un échantillon de 1028 femmes sur une période de neuf mois. Les données ont été analysées dans Medcalc en utilisant des statistiques descriptives, une analyse unidirectionnelle de la variance, un test-t pour échantillons indépendants et une analyse multivariée de régression logistique binaire. Les deux tiers de l'échantillon ne buvaient pas d'alcool, mais les résultats ont montré des niveaux élevés de consommation d'alcool à risque: 20,1% sur l'échelle AUDIT totale et 16,8% sur l'échelle AUDIT-C. On a trouvé les variables suivantes significativement associées à la consommation à risque d'alcool: âge; course; rapport de violence entre partenaires intimes (VPI); et autre buveur régulier à la maison. Le statut d'emploi, le niveau de scolarité, le statut relationnel, la parité et la gestation n'étaient pas associés à une consommation d'alcool à risque. Des interventions visant à réduire la consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse devraient aborder: les cultures de consommation d'alcool chez les jeunes; les normes de consommation d'alcool à la maison; et la violence entre partenaires intimes. Des études futures devraient inclure des variables de santé mentale et physique supplémentaires. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121).
The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this research were to establish the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with alcohol use amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two former township areas of Buffalo City, South Africa. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic questions, and the Alcohol Use Test (AUDIT). The questionnaire was administered in English, Afrikaans or isiXhosa by healthcare providers trained in its administration. Consecutive sampling was used, with all willing women presenting at public clinics offering antenatal care in the two townships being invited to participate. Of the 18 clinics operating in the two townships, 16 were willing to participate, resulting in a sample of 1028 women over a nine-month period. Data were analysed in Medcalc using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Two-thirds of the sample did not drink alcohol, but results showed high levels of risky alcohol use: 20.1% on the total AUDIT scale, and 16.8% on the AUDIT-C scale. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with risky drinking: age; race; report of intimate partner violence (IPV); and other regular drinker in the home. Employment status, education status, relationship status, parity and gestation were not associated with risky drinking. Interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use during pregnancy should address: drinking youth cultures; drinking norms within the home; and intimate partner violence. Future studies should include additional mental and physical health variables. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 114-121).
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Author Macleod, Catriona I
Molokoe, Katlego
Young, Charles
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Snippet The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this...
The high rate of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which results from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is of concern in South Africa. The aims of this...
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SubjectTerms Afrique du Sud
Alcohol
Alcohol use
Alcoholic beverages
Alcohols
Alcool
Analysis
Audits
Cities
Clinics
Domestic violence
Drinking behavior
Drinking of alcoholic beverages
Effect of alcohol on
Employment
Family violence
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Fetus
Germanic languages
grossesse
Health care industry
Health services
Intimate partner violence
Mental health
Pregnancy
Pregnant women
Prenatal care
Prevalence
prévalence
Public administration
Questionnaires
Regression analysis
Sociodemographics
South Africa
Surveys
Variables
Variance analysis
Violence
Women
Womens health
Title Alcohol use during pregnancy: prevalence and patterns in selected Buffalo City areas, South Africa
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