Late Bronze Age climate change and the destruction of the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos
This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150...
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Published in: | PloS one Vol. 12; no. 12; p. e0189447 |
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Abstract | This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150-3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of ±26 yrs (2σ), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The δ18O record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself. |
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AbstractList | This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150–3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of ±26 yrs (2σ), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The δ18O record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself. This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150-3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of ±26 yrs (2[sigma]), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The [delta].sup.18 O record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself. This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150–3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of ±26 yrs (2σ), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The δ 18 O record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself. This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, similar to 3150-3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of +/- 26 yrs (2s), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The delta O-18 record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Shen, Chuan-Chou Stocker, Sharon Boyd, Meighan Finné, Martin Holmgren, Karin Hu, Hsun-Ming |
AuthorAffiliation | New York State Museum, UNITED STATES 6 Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom 5 High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC 2 Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 4 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden 3 Navarino Environmental Observatory, Navarino Dunes, Costa Navarino, Messinia, Greece 7 Department of Classics, University of Cincinnati, 410 Blegen Library, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America 1 Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden – name: New York State Museum, UNITED STATES – name: 4 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden – name: 1 Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden – name: 3 Navarino Environmental Observatory, Navarino Dunes, Costa Navarino, Messinia, Greece – name: 5 High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC – name: 6 Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom – name: 7 Department of Classics, University of Cincinnati, 410 Blegen Library, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Martin orcidid: 0000-0001-7433-268X surname: Finné fullname: Finné, Martin organization: Navarino Environmental Observatory, Navarino Dunes, Costa Navarino, Messinia, Greece – sequence: 2 givenname: Karin surname: Holmgren fullname: Holmgren, Karin organization: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Chuan-Chou surname: Shen fullname: Shen, Chuan-Chou organization: High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC – sequence: 4 givenname: Hsun-Ming surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Hsun-Ming organization: High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC – sequence: 5 givenname: Meighan surname: Boyd fullname: Boyd, Meighan organization: Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom – sequence: 6 givenname: Sharon surname: Stocker fullname: Stocker, Sharon organization: Department of Classics, University of Cincinnati, 410 Blegen Library, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America |
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Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science 2017 Finné et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2017 Finné et al 2017 Finné et al |
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PublicationTitleAlternate | PLoS One |
PublicationYear | 2017 |
Publisher | Public Library of Science Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
Publisher_xml | – name: Public Library of Science – name: Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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Snippet | This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate... |
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SubjectTerms | Archaeology Aridity Biology and Life Sciences Bronze Age Carbon isotopes Climate change Climate Research Crop yield Culture Destruction Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences History Influence Klimatforskning Laboratories Mass spectrometry Mycenaean civilization, 1580-1120 BC Observatories Oxygen Paleoclimate Paleoclimates Physical Sciences Scientific imaging Social Sciences |
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Title | Late Bronze Age climate change and the destruction of the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos |
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