Detection of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in Blood from Equines from Four Indigenous Communities in Costa Rica
A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses (n=285) was evaluated, and hematocrits...
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| Published in: | Veterinary Medicine International Vol. 2015; no. 2015; pp. 95 - 100 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cairo, Egypt
Hindawi Limiteds
2015
Hindawi Publishing Corporation John Wiley & Sons, Inc Hindawi Limited |
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| Abstract | A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses (n=285) was evaluated, and hematocrits and hemoglobin were determined from blood samples of 130 horses, which were also analyzed using blood smears, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The general condition of the horses (n=285) in terms of their body and coat was between regular and poor, and hematocrit and hemoglobin average values were low (19% and 10.65 g/dL, resp.). Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 32 (24.6%) of the samples. Twenty-six samples (20.0%) gave positive results for B. caballi and 60 (46.2%) for T. equi; 10 horses (7.7%) showed mixed infection, when analyzed by PCR. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 90 (69.2%) horses had antibodies against B. caballi and 115 (88.5%) against T. equi, while 81 (62.3%) showed mixed reactions. There were no factors associated with the presence of B. caballi and T. equi. These results contrast with results previously obtained in equines in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. |
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| AbstractList | A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of
Babesia caballi
and
Theileria equi
and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses (
n
=
285
) was evaluated, and hematocrits and hemoglobin were determined from blood samples of 130 horses, which were also analyzed using blood smears, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The general condition of the horses (
n
=
285
) in terms of their body and coat was between regular and poor, and hematocrit and hemoglobin average values were low (19% and 10.65 g/dL, resp.). Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 32 (24.6%) of the samples. Twenty-six samples (20.0%) gave positive results for
B. caballi
and 60 (46.2%) for
T. equi
; 10 horses (7.7%) showed mixed infection, when analyzed by PCR. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 90 (69.2%) horses had antibodies against
B. caballi
and 115 (88.5%) against
T. equi
, while 81 (62.3%) showed mixed reactions. There were no factors associated with the presence of
B. caballi
and
T. equi
. These results contrast with results previously obtained in equines in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses (n=285) was evaluated, and hematocrits and hemoglobin were determined from blood samples of 130 horses, which were also analyzed using blood smears, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The general condition of the horses (n=285) in terms of their body and coat was between regular and poor, and hematocrit and hemoglobin average values were low (19% and 10.65 g/dL, resp.). Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 32 (24.6%) of the samples. Twenty-six samples (20.0%) gave positive results for B. caballi and 60 (46.2%) for T. equi; 10 horses (7.7%) showed mixed infection, when analyzed by PCR. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 90 (69.2%) horses had antibodies against B. caballi and 115 (88.5%) against T. equi, while 81 (62.3%) showed mixed reactions. There were no factors associated with the presence of B. caballi and T. equi. These results contrast with results previously obtained in equines in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses (n = 285) was evaluated, and hematocrits and hemoglobin were determined from blood samples of 130 horses, which were also analyzed using blood smears, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The general condition of the horses (n = 285) in terms of their body and coat was between regular and poor, and hematocrit and hemoglobin average values were low (19% and 10.65 g/dL, resp.). Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 32 (24.6%) of the samples. Twenty- six samples (20.0%) gave positive results for B. caballi and 60 (46.2%) for T. equi; 10 horses (77%) showed mixed infection, when analyzed by PCR. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 90 (69.2%) horses had antibodies against B. caballi and 115 (88.5%) against T equi, while 81 (62.3%) showed mixed reactions. There were no factors associated with the presence of B. caballi and T. equi. These results contrast with results previously obtained in equines in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four indigenous communities of Costa Rica to detect presence and prevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and to investigate factors associated with presence of these hemoparasites. General condition of horses ( n = 285) was evaluated, and hematocrits and hemoglobin were determined from blood samples of 130 horses, which were also analyzed using blood smears, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The general condition of the horses ( n = 285) in terms of their body and coat was between regular and poor, and hematocrit and hemoglobin average values were low (19% and 10.65 g/dL, resp.). Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 32 (24.6%) of the samples. Twenty-six samples (20.0%) gave positive results for B. caballi and 60 (46.2%) for T. equi ; 10 horses (7.7%) showed mixed infection, when analyzed by PCR. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 90 (69.2%) horses had antibodies against B. caballi and 115 (88.5%) against T. equi , while 81 (62.3%) showed mixed reactions. There were no factors associated with the presence of B. caballi and T. equi . These results contrast with results previously obtained in equines in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | María Fernanda Posada-Guzmán Juan José Romero-Zúñiga Gaby Dolz Ana Eugenia Jiménez-Rocha |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Laboratorio de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica 1 Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales, Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias Tropicales, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica 2 Programa de Investigación en Medicina Poblacional, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales, Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias Tropicales, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica – name: 2 Programa de Investigación en Medicina Poblacional, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica – name: 3 Laboratorio de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: María Fernanda surname: Posada-Guzmán fullname: Posada-Guzmán, María Fernanda organization: Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales, Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias Tropicales, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica – sequence: 2 givenname: Gaby orcidid: 0000-0002-9566-5130 surname: Dolz fullname: Dolz, Gaby organization: Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales, Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias Tropicales, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica, Programa de Investigación en Medicina Poblacional, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica – sequence: 3 givenname: Juan José surname: Romero-Zúñiga fullname: Romero-Zúñiga, Juan José organization: Programa de Investigación en Medicina Poblacional, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica – sequence: 4 givenname: Ana Eugenia surname: Jiménez-Rocha fullname: Jiménez-Rocha, Ana Eugenia organization: Laboratorio de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Campus Presbítero Benjamín Nuñez, P.O. Box 86, 3000 Heredia, Costa Rica |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649225$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x 10.4067/S0717-77122004000300017 10.1016/s0304-4017(03)00129-8 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.03.016 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.09.015 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.033 10.1016/j.emcmi.2004.07.003 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.004 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.08.021 10.1007/s00436-007-0726-1 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.05.017 10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00137-5 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.03.021 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00131-0 10.1016/j.jevs.2008.03.005 10.1016/0021-9975(81)90085-2 10.1111/jvim.12168 10.1053/jevs.2003.64 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2015 María Fernanda Posada-Guzmán et al. COPYRIGHT 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 2015 Maria Fernanda Posada-Guzman et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2015 María Fernanda Posada-Guzmán et al. 2015 |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Animals Antibodies Babesia caballi Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Health aspects Hemoglobin Horses Infections Parasites Theileria equi Veterinary medicine Viral antibodies |
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| Title | Detection of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in Blood from Equines from Four Indigenous Communities in Costa Rica |
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