2-Acetylthiamin pyrophosphate (acetyl-TPP) pH-rate profile for hydrolysis of acetyl-TPP and isolation of acetyl-TPP as a transient species in pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzed reactions

• Published in: Biochemistry (Easton) Vol. 28; no. 23; pp. 9071 - 9080
• Main Authors: Gruys, Kenneth J, Datta, Asit, Frey, Perry A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 14-11-1989
• Subjects: 2-acetylthiamin pyrophosphate; Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry; AZINES; AZOLES; BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS; BIOCHEMISTRY; Biological and medical sciences; CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; CHEMISTRY; DECOMPOSITION; ENZYMES; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HEMIACETAL DEHYDROGENASES; HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; HYDROLYSIS; Intermediary metabolites. Miscellaneous; KINETICS; LABELLED COMPOUNDS; LYSIS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE; Molecular Structure; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS; Other biological molecules; OXIDOREDUCTASES; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PH VALUE; PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; PYRIMIDINES; PYROPHOSPHATES; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex - metabolism; REACTION KINETICS; RESONANCE; SOLVOLYSIS 550201 > Biochemistry > Tracer Techniques; Thiamine Pyrophosphate - metabolism; THIAZOLES; Radiolabelling; Molecular structure; Enzyme; Pyruvate; NMR spectrometry; Ultraviolet spectrometry; Characterization; Hydrolysis; Kinetic model; Synthetic product; Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; Reaction mechanism; PH; Non competitive inhibition; Acetyl coenzyme A; Rate constant
• ISSN: 0006-2960; 1520-4995
• DOI: 10.1021/bi00449a018

Rate constants for the hydrolysis of acetyl-TPP were measured between pH values of 2.5 and 7.5 and plotted as log kobs versus pH. The pH-rate profile defined two legs, each with a slope of +1 but separated by a region of decreased slope between pH 4 and pH 6. The rates were insensitive to buffer concentrations. Each leg of the profile reflected specific-base-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetyl-TPP, analogous to the hydrolysis of 2-acetyl-3,4-dimethylthiazolium ion [Lienhard, G.E. (1966) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5642-5649]. The separation of the two legs of this profile has been shown to be caused by the ionization of a group exhibiting a pKa of 4.73 within acetyl-TPP that is remote from the acetyl group, the amino-pyrimidine ring, which is protonated below pH 4.73. The protonation level of this ring has been shown to control the equilibrium partitioning of acetyl-TPP among its carbinolamine, keto, and hydrate forms. The differential partitioning of these species is a major factor causing the separation between the two legs of the pH-rate profile. The characteristic pH-rate profile and the availability of synthetic acetyl-TPP [Gruys, K.J., Halkides, C.J., & Frey, P.A. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 7575-7585] have facilitated the isolation and identification of [1-14C]acetyl-TPP from acid-quenched enzymatic reaction mixtures at steady states. [1-14C]Acetyl-TPP was identified as a transient species in reactions catalyzed by the PDH complex or the pyruvate dehydrogenase component of the complex (E1). The pH-rate profile for hydrolysis of [1-14C]-acetyl-TPP isolated from enzymatic reactions was found to be indistinguishable from that for authentic acetyl-TPP, which constituted positive identification of the 14C-labeled enzymic species.