NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE AS A TOOL TO STUDY FLOW

• Published in: Annual review of fluid mechanics Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 95 - 123
• Main Author: Fukushima, Eiichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Palo Alto, CA 94303-0139 Annual Reviews 01-01-1999; 4139 El Camino Way, P.O. Box 10139 Annual Reviews, Inc; USA
• Subjects: Exact sciences and technology; flows; Fluid dynamics; Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications); Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments, equipment and techniques; Instrumentation for fluid dynamics; Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy; MRI; Multiphase and particle-laden flows; multiphase flows; NMR; Nonhomogeneous flows; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Physics; Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques; Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipments and techniques; Pipe flow; Multiphase flow; NMR imaging; Calibration; Particle suspension; Experimental study; Phase velocity; NMR; Reviews; Porous medium flow; Two-phase flow; Non invasive method; Flow visualization; Velocity measurement; Turbulence structure
• ISSN: 0066-4189; 1545-4479
• DOI: 10.1146/annurev.fluid.31.1.95

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of flowing materials are
reviewed with emphasis on applications to multiphase flows. After a brief
presentation of NMR physics, experimental considerations related to flow
measurements are discussed. Both imaging and non-imaging NMR as well as topics
such as Earth's field NMR and rapid imaging are covered. Specific topics
that follow are tagging and time-of-flight, phase measurement of velocity,
diffusion, turbulence, and calibration and validations. Finally, recent
applications are reviewed in the areas of sedimentation, suspension flows in
Couette and pipe geometries, rheometers and viscometers, liquid-liquid
multiphase flows, porous media flow, granular flows, and turbulence.