Minor Components of Olive Oil Modulate Proatherogenic Adhesion Molecules Involved in Endothelial Activation

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 54; no. 9; pp. 3259 - 3264
• Main Authors: Dell'Agli, Mario, Fagnani, Rossana, Mitro, Nico, Scurati, Samuele, Masciadri, Maura, Mussoni, Luciana, Galli, Germana V, Bosisio, Enrica, Crestani, Maurizio, De Fabiani, Emma, Tremoli, Elena, Caruso, Donatella
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 03-05-2006
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Cell Adhesion Molecules - analysis; Cell Adhesion Molecules - genetics; Cell Adhesion Molecules - physiology; E-Selectin - analysis; E-Selectin - genetics; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - physiology; Fat industries; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene Expression - drug effects; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - analysis; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Iridoids; Olive Oil; Phenylethyl Alcohol - analogs & derivatives; Phenylethyl Alcohol - pharmacology; Plant Oils - chemistry; Plant Oils - pharmacology; Pyrans - pharmacology; RNA, Messenger - analysis; Umbilical Veins - chemistry; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - analysis; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Aglycone; Vegetable oil; Activation; ICAM-1; Olive oil; Edible oil; Adhesion; endothelial activation; E-selectin; VCAM-1; Oleuropein; oleuropein aglycone; proatherogenic adhesion molecules; Chemical composition; hydroxytyrosol
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf0529161

The Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of coronary artery disease as a consequence of its high content of antioxidants, namely, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and oleuropein aglycone (OleA), typical of virgin olive oil. Because intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and E-selectin are crucial for endothelial activation, the role of the phenolic extract from extra virgin olive oil (OPE), OleA, HT, and homovanillyl alcohol (HVA) on cell surface and mRNA expression in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) was evaluated. OPE strongly reduced cell surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at concentrations physiologically relevant (IC50 < 1 μM), linked to a reduction in mRNA levels. OleA and HT were the main components responsible for these effects. HVA inhibited cell surface expression of all the adhesion molecules, whereas the effect on mRNA expression was weaker. These results supply new insights on the protective role of olive oil against vascular risk through the down-regulation of adhesion molecules involved in early atherogenesis. Keywords: Olive oil; proatherogenic adhesion molecules; endothelial activation; ICAM-1; VCAM-1; hydroxytyrosol; oleuropein aglycone; E-selectin