Targeting Pathogenic Formate-Dependent Bacteria with a Bioinspired Metallo–Nitroreductase Complex
Nitroreductases (NTRs) constitute an important class of oxidoreductase enzymes that have evolved to metabolize nitro-containing compounds. Their unique characteristics have spurred an array of potential uses in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and bioengineering toward harnessing nitro caging...
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Published in: | Journal of the American Chemical Society Vol. 145; no. 11; pp. 6453 - 6461 |
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22-03-2023
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Abstract | Nitroreductases (NTRs) constitute an important class of oxidoreductase enzymes that have evolved to metabolize nitro-containing compounds. Their unique characteristics have spurred an array of potential uses in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and bioengineering toward harnessing nitro caging groups and constructing NTR variants for niche applications. Inspired by how they carry out enzymatic reduction via a cascade of hydride transfer reactions, we sought to develop a synthetic small-molecule NTR system based on transfer hydrogenation mediated by transition metal complexes harnessing native cofactors. We report the first water-stable Ru–arene complex capable of selectively and fully reducing nitroaromatics into anilines in a biocompatible buffered aqueous environment using formate as the hydride source. We further demonstrated its application to activate nitro-caged sulfanilamide prodrug in formate-abundant bacteria, specifically pathogenic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This proof of concept paves the way for a new targeted antibacterial chemotherapeutic approach leveraging on redox–active metal complexes for prodrug activation via bioinspired nitroreduction. |
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AbstractList | Nitroreductases (NTRs) constitute an important class of oxidoreductase enzymes that have evolved to metabolize nitro-containing compounds. Their unique characteristics have spurred an array of potential uses in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and bioengineering toward harnessing nitro caging groups and constructing NTR variants for niche applications. Inspired by how they carry out enzymatic reduction via a cascade of hydride transfer reactions, we sought to develop a synthetic small-molecule NTR system based on transfer hydrogenation mediated by transition metal complexes harnessing native cofactors. We report the first water-stable Ru–arene complex capable of selectively and fully reducing nitroaromatics into anilines in a biocompatible buffered aqueous environment using formate as the hydride source. We further demonstrated its application to activate nitro-caged sulfanilamide prodrug in formate-abundant bacteria, specifically pathogenic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This proof of concept paves the way for a new targeted antibacterial chemotherapeutic approach leveraging on redox–active metal complexes for prodrug activation via bioinspired nitroreduction. Nitroreductases (NTRs) constitute an important class of oxidoreductase enzymes that have evolved to metabolize nitro-containing compounds. Their unique characteristics have spurred an array of potential uses in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and bioengineering toward harnessing nitro caging groups and constructing NTR variants for niche applications. Inspired by how they carry out enzymatic reduction via a cascade of hydride transfer reactions, we sought to develop a synthetic small-molecule NTR system based on transfer hydrogenation mediated by transition metal complexes harnessing native cofactors. We report the first water-stable Ru-arene complex capable of selectively and fully reducing nitroaromatics into anilines in a biocompatible buffered aqueous environment using formate as the hydride source. We further demonstrated its application to activate nitro-caged sulfanilamide prodrug in formate-abundant bacteria, specifically pathogenic methicillin-resistant . This proof of concept paves the way for a new targeted antibacterial chemotherapeutic approach leveraging on redox-active metal complexes for prodrug activation via bioinspired nitroreduction. |
Author | Loh, Boon Shing Ang, Wee Han Wong, Ming Wah Weng, Cheng Yang, Hui |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Chemistry NUS Graduate SchoolIntegrative Sciences and Engineering Programme |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Department of Chemistry – name: NUS Graduate SchoolIntegrative Sciences and Engineering Programme |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Cheng surname: Weng fullname: Weng, Cheng organization: Department of Chemistry – sequence: 2 givenname: Hui surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Hui organization: Department of Chemistry – sequence: 3 givenname: Boon Shing surname: Loh fullname: Loh, Boon Shing organization: Department of Chemistry – sequence: 4 givenname: Ming Wah orcidid: 0000-0003-2162-1220 surname: Wong fullname: Wong, Ming Wah email: chmwmw@nus.edu.sg organization: NUS Graduate SchoolIntegrative Sciences and Engineering Programme – sequence: 5 givenname: Wee Han orcidid: 0000-0003-2027-356X surname: Ang fullname: Ang, Wee Han email: ang.weehan@nus.edu.sg organization: NUS Graduate SchoolIntegrative Sciences and Engineering Programme |
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SubjectTerms | Bacteria - metabolism Coordination Complexes - pharmacology Formates Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism Nitro Compounds - chemistry Nitroreductases - metabolism Prodrugs - pharmacology |
Title | Targeting Pathogenic Formate-Dependent Bacteria with a Bioinspired Metallo–Nitroreductase Complex |
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