Assessing restricted stimulus control in typically developing preschool children and bees (Melipona quadrifasciata)

• Published in: Psychology & Neuroscience Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 207 - 220
• Main Authors: Moreno, Antonio M., Varella, André A. B., Canovas, Daniela S., Postalli, Lídia M. M., Ventura, Dora Fix, de Souza, Deisy G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Rio de Janeiro Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro 2014; Educational Publishing Foundation; Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade de Brasília; Universidade de São Paulo
• Subjects: Animal; Bees; Discrimination Learning; Female; Human; Male; NEUROSCIENCES; Preschool Students; PSYCHOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL; Stimulus Control; Stimulus Discrimination; preschool children; discriminative learning; restricted stimulus control; compound stimuli; bees
• ISSN: 1984-3054; 1983-3288; 1983-3288
• DOI: 10.3922/j.psns.2014.12

This study established a simple simultaneous discrimination between a pair of two-element compound visual stimuli in children (Experiment 1) and bees (Melipona quadrifasciata, Experiment 2). The contingencies required discriminative control by the compound and the question was whether the accurate stimulus control reached at this level would hold for each individual element of the compound. After baseline reached stability, probe trials assessed stimulus control by each single element of both S+ and S-. Average data showed that children (Exp. 1) tended to show stimulus control by a single element of the S+ compound. In Experiment 2 three of four bees showed stimulus control by both elements of S+ and did not respond or responded only infrequently to the elements of the S-. The children's decline in discrimination accuracy in probe trials, along with its maintenance during the baseline, replicated previous findings showing the development of restricted stimulus control (RSC). The precise stimulus control shown by the bees indicated that all elements correlated with reinforcement acquired stimulus control over their behavior; this confirms the extensive literature on visual discriminative learning in bees, but due to the small number of subjects it is premature to say that bees do not develop RSC.