Investigating the Thermodynamics of Charge-Transfer Complexes. A Physical Chemistry Experiment

Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of charge-transfer complexes in heptane solution are determined from UV–visible absorption measurements at different temperatures. The systems studied include complexes of molecular iodine with toluene, xylene, mesitylene, and t-butanol as well as those of...

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Published in:	Journal of chemical education Vol. 86; no. 11; p. 1330
Main Authors:	Kendrow, Carolyn, Baum, J. Clayton, Marzzacco, Charles J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Easton Division of Chemical Education 01-11-2009 American Chemical Society
Subjects:	Charge transfer Chemical equilibrium Chemistry Complexation Experiments Femtosecond Organic chemistry Physical chemistry Spectrum analysis Thermodynamic equilibrium Thermodynamics Vapor phases Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives Upper-Division Undergraduate Laboratory Instruction Equilibrium
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Abstract	Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of charge-transfer complexes in heptane solution are determined from UV–visible absorption measurements at different temperatures. The systems studied include complexes of molecular iodine with toluene, xylene, mesitylene, and t-butanol as well as those of chloranil with mesitylene and hexamethylbenzene. Student results are in good agreement with published values. In addition to introducing an important method for studying chemical systems at equilibrium, this experiment explores the nature of charge-transfer interactions that play a significant role in chemistry and biology.
AbstractList	Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of charge-transfer complexes in heptane solution are determined from UV–visible absorption measurements at different temperatures. The systems studied include complexes of molecular iodine with toluene, xylene, mesitylene, and t-butanol as well as those of chloranil with mesitylene and hexamethylbenzene. Student results are in good agreement with published values. In addition to introducing an important method for studying chemical systems at equilibrium, this experiment explores the nature of charge-transfer interactions that play a significant role in chemistry and biology. Charge-transfer complexes and reactions are of great interest in chemistry as evidenced by femtosecond studies of the dynamics of charge-transfer complexation in the gas phase and in solution as well as ab initio calculations on these systems. Here, Baum et al describe a chemistry laboratory experiment to give students an understanding of the nature of charge-transfer complexes and illustrate how UV-vis spectroscopic methods can be used to determine the equilibrium constants and the other thermodynamic quantities for complexation reactions.
Author	Marzzacco, Charles J Baum, J. Clayton Kendrow, Carolyn
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Copyright	Copyright American Chemical Society Nov 2009
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Snippet	Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of charge-transfer complexes in heptane solution are determined from UV–visible absorption measurements at different... Charge-transfer complexes and reactions are of great interest in chemistry as evidenced by femtosecond studies of the dynamics of charge-transfer complexation...
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SubjectTerms	Charge transfer Chemical equilibrium Chemistry Complexation Experiments Femtosecond Organic chemistry Physical chemistry Spectrum analysis Thermodynamic equilibrium Thermodynamics Vapor phases
Title	Investigating the Thermodynamics of Charge-Transfer Complexes. A Physical Chemistry Experiment
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