A Novel NCI-H69AR Drug-Resistant Small-Cell Lung Cancer Mini-Tumor Model for Anti-Cancer Treatment Screening

A Novel NCI-H69AR Drug-Resistant Small-Cell Lung Cancer Mini-Tumor Model for Anti-Cancer Treatment Screening

Small-cell lung cancer is a fast-growing carcinoma with a poor prognosis and a high level of relapse due to multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of efflux transporter proteins can contribute to MDR. In vitro cancer models play a tremendous role in chemothera...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 12; no. 15; p. 1980
Main Authors: van Niekerk, Alandi, Wrzesinski, Krzysztof, Steyn, Dewald, Gouws, Chrisna
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31-07-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
ABC transporters
Adenylate kinase
Antitumor agents
ATP
Bioreactors
cancer modeling
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Cell division
Chemotherapy
Cisplatin
DNA damage
Drug resistance
functional spheroid
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Irinotecan
Lung cancer
Medical screening
Multidrug resistance
Ovaries
Paclitaxel
Protein transport
rotating bioreactors
Small cell lung carcinoma
small-cell lung cancer
Spheroids
three-dimensional cell culture
Tissue culture
Tumors
South Africa
Johannesburg South Africa
functional spheroid
cancer modeling
drug resistance
three-dimensional cell culture
small-cell lung cancer
rotating bioreactors
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Summary:Small-cell lung cancer is a fast-growing carcinoma with a poor prognosis and a high level of relapse due to multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of efflux transporter proteins can contribute to MDR. In vitro cancer models play a tremendous role in chemotherapy development and the screening of possible anti-cancer molecules. Low-cost and simple in vitro models are normally used. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) models have numerous shortcomings when considering the physiological resemblance of an in vivo setting. Three-dimensional (3D) models aim to bridge the gap between conventional 2D models and the in vivo setting. Some of the advantages of functional 3D spheroids include better representation of the in vivo physiology and tumor characteristics when compared to traditional 2D cultures. During this study, an NCI-H69AR drug-resistant mini-tumor model (MRP1 hyperexpressive) was developed by making use of a rotating clinostat bioreactor system (ClinoStar ; CelVivo ApS, Odense, Denmark). Spheroid growth and viability were assessed over a 25-day period to determine the ideal experimental period with mature and metabolically stable constructs. The applicability of this model for anti-cancer research was evaluated through treatment with irinotecan, paclitaxel and cisplatin for 96 h, followed by a 96 h recovery period. Parameters measured included planar surface area measurements, estimated glucose consumption, soluble protein content, intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, extracellular adenylate kinase levels, histology and efflux transporter gene expression. The established functional spheroid model proved viable and stable during the treatment period, with retained relative hyperexpression of the efflux transporter gene but increased expression of the transporter gene compared to the cells cultured in 2D. As expected, treatment with the abovementioned anti-cancer drugs at clinical doses (100 mg/m irinotecan, 80 mg/m paclitaxel and 75 mg/m cisplatin) had minimal impact on the drug-resistant mini-tumors, and the functional spheroid models were able to recover following the removal of treatment.
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ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells12151980