Reactivity of a new HIV-1 group O third generation A-HIV-1/-2 assay with an unusual HIV-1 seroconversion panel and HIV-1 group O/group M subtyped samples

It was shown previously that about 97% of the anti-HIV-1 group O strain-positive samples were detected by crossreaction with native HIV-1 gp160 (Van Binsbergen et al., Evaluation of a new third generation anti-HIV-1/anti-HIV-2 assay with increased sensitivity for HIV-1 group O, J. Virol. Methods 60...

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Published in:	Journal of virological methods Vol. 69; no. 1; pp. 29 - 37
Main Authors:	van Binsbergen, J, Keur, W, v.d. Graaf, M, Siebelink, A, Jacobs, A, de Rijk, D, Toonen, J, Zekeng, L, Afane Ze, E, Gürtler, L.G
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Elsevier B.V 01-12-1997 Amsterdam Elsevier New York, NY
Subjects:	AIDS AIDS Serodiagnosis AIDS/HIV Amino Acid Sequence Biological and medical sciences Consensus Sequence Cross Reactions Diagnostics ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology HIV HIV Antibodies - blood HIV Antibodies - immunology HIV Antigens - immunology HIV Core Protein p24 - immunology HIV Envelope Protein gp160 - immunology HIV Envelope Protein gp41 - immunology HIV Seropositivity HIV-1 - classification HIV-1 - genetics HIV-1 - immunology HIV-1 group O HIV-2 - immunology Humans IgG IgM Immunodominant Epitopes Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin M - blood Microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Reagent Kits, Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity Species Specificity Techniques used in virology Virology HRP, horse radish peroxidase PBS, phosphate-buffered saline HIV Diagnostics HIV, human immunodeficiency virus IgG AIDS HIV-1 group O ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgM S/COV, ratio sample/cut off value ELISA Virus Type specificity HIV-1 virus Cross reaction Retroviridae Genotype Human immunodeficiency virus Diagnosis Method Detection Lentivirus HIV-2 virus
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Summary:	It was shown previously that about 97% of the anti-HIV-1 group O strain-positive samples were detected by crossreaction with native HIV-1 gp160 (Van Binsbergen et al., Evaluation of a new third generation anti-HIV-1/anti-HIV-2 assay with increased sensitivity for HIV-1 group O, J. Virol. Methods 60 (1996) 131–137). Fourteen out of 17 new anti-HIV-1 group O positive samples, selected with the Enzygnost HIV-1/2 plus assay, were already reactive when tested with HIV-1 gp160. When tested by the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O microELISA all 17 samples were reactive, demonstrating the necessity to implement an HIV-1 group O-specific antigen in the assay. On the other hand, it was surprisingly found that 40 out of 43 (93%) of anti-HIV-1 group M-positive samples, belonging to strain A, B, C, D, E or F, were detected by crossreaction with the HIV-1 group O (strain ANT70) synthetic peptide incorporated in the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O. Only HIV-1 subtype D-positive samples did not react with this peptide, presumably because of the presence of a histidine residue in the immunodominant region of HIV-1 subtype D gp41. Both crossreactions make the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O microELISA also sensitive for anti-HIV-1-positive samples originating from different geographical regions and resulting from different HIV-1 subtype infections. With an unusual seroconversion panel in which p24 Ag was present persistently, many anti-HIV-1/-2 assays produce alternating positive/negative results in anti-HIV antibody-positive bleeds. It was shown that the use of viral p24 and gp160 in a direct sandwich, allowing detection of anti-HIV IgG and IgM, explains the identification of all anti-HIV-positive bleeds by the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O. The high sensitivity of the plus O assay was confirmed with clinical samples of a so-called anti-HIV-1 low titer panel. The specificity of the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O determined in five blood transfusion centers, based on 135 070 tests, was 99.97%.
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ISSN:	0166-0934 1879-0984
DOI:	10.1016/S0166-0934(97)00135-3