Magnesium (Mg2 +), Strontium (Sr2 +), and Zinc (Zn2 +) Co-substituted Bone Cements Based on Nano-hydroxyapatite/Monetite for Bone Regeneration

New bone cement type that combines Sr2 + /Mg2 + or Sr2 + /Zn2 + co-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAs) with calcium phosphate dibasic and chitosan/gelatin polymers was developed to increase adhesion and cellular response. The cements were physicochemically described and tested in vitro using cel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biological trace element research Vol. 201; no. 6; pp. 2963 - 2981
Main Authors:	Dias, Alexa Magalhães, do Nascimento Canhas, Isabela, Bruziquesi, Carlos Giovani Oliveira, Speziali, Marcelo Gomes, Sinisterra, Rubén Dario, Cortés, Maria Esperanza
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-06-2023 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adhesion Apatite Biochemistry Biocompatibility Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical materials Biotechnology Bone cements Bone Cements - metabolism Bone growth Bone implants Bone Regeneration Bones Calcium Calcium phosphates Calcium Phosphates - metabolism Cell differentiation Cell growth Cell proliferation Cement Chitosan Concrete Cytotoxicity Durapatite - pharmacology Endothelial cells Endothelial Cells - metabolism Extracellular matrix Fibroblasts Gelatin Hydroxyapatite Life Sciences Magnesium Magnesium - metabolism Magnesium - pharmacology Mineralization Nutrition Oncology Osteoblasts Osteoblasts - metabolism Osteogenesis Phosphates Polymers Polymethyl methacrylate Proliferation Regeneration Regeneration (biological) Regeneration (physiology) Strontium Strontium - pharmacology Substitutes Zinc Zinc - metabolism Zinc - pharmacology Co-substituted hydroxyapatite Bone cement Chitosan Gelatin Monetite
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Summary:	New bone cement type that combines Sr2 + /Mg2 + or Sr2 + /Zn2 + co-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAs) with calcium phosphate dibasic and chitosan/gelatin polymers was developed to increase adhesion and cellular response. The cements were physicochemically described and tested in vitro using cell cultures. All cements exhibited quite hydrophilic and had high washout resistance. Cement releases Ca2 + , Mg2 + , Sr2 + , and Zn2 + in concentrations that are suitable for osteoblast proliferation and development. All of the cements stimulated cell proliferation in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and osteoblasts, were non-cytotoxic, and produced apatite. Cements containing co-substituted n-HAs had excellent cytocompatibility, which improved osteoblast adhesion and cell proliferation. These cements had osteoinductive potential, stimulating extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by increasing ALP and NO production. The ions Ca2 + , Mg2 + , Zn2 + , and Sr2 + appear to cooperate in promoting osteoblast function. The C3 cement (HA-SrMg5%), which was made up of n-HA co-substituted with 5 mol% Sr and 5 mol% Mg, showed exceptional osteoinductive capacity in terms of bone regeneration, indicating that this new bone cement could be a promising material for bone replacement.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0163-4984 1559-0720
DOI:	10.1007/s12011-022-03382-5