Equal Maintenance of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels Induced by Heterologous and Homologous Regimens of the BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, CoronaVac and Ad26.COV2.S Vaccines: A Longitudinal Study Up to the 4th Dose of Booster

Equal Maintenance of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels Induced by Heterologous and Homologous Regimens of the BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, CoronaVac and Ad26.COV2.S Vaccines: A Longitudinal Study Up to the 4th Dose of Booster

Several technological approaches have been used to develop vaccines against COVID-19, including those based on inactivated viruses, viral vectors, and mRNA. This study aimed to monitor the maintenance of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals from Brazil according to the primary vaccination regim...

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Published in:Vaccines (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 792
Main Authors: do Nascimento, Tatiana A, Nogami, Patricia Y, de Oliveira, Camille F, Neto, Walter F F, da Silva, Carla P, Ribeiro, Ana Claudia S, de Sousa, Alana W, Freitas, Maria N O, Chiang, Jannifer O, Silva, Franko A, das Chagas, Liliane L, Carvalho, Valéria L, Azevedo, Raimunda S S, Vasconcelos, Pedro F C, Costa, Igor B, Costa, Iran B, Barbagelata, Luana S, das Chagas Junior, Wanderley D, da Penha Junior, Edvaldo T, Soares, Luana S, Viana, Giselle M R, Amarilla, Alberto A, Modhiran, Naphak, Watterson, Daniel, Casseb, Lívia M N, Martins, Lívia C, Henriques, Daniele F
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-07-2024
Subjects:
Adenoviruses
anti-RBD antibodies
Antibodies
ChAdOx1-S
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Disease transmission
Enzymes
Health aspects
Infections
Longitudinal studies
Maintenance
Measurement
mRNA
Neutralizing
neutralizing antibodies
Proteins
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
study longitudinal
vaccine effectiveness
Vaccines
Viral antibodies
Viral diseases
Viral infections
Brazil
United States > US
COVID-19
vaccine effectiveness
BNT162b2
anti-RBD antibodies
neutralizing antibodies
ChAdOx1-S
CoronaVac
dose booster
study longitudinal
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Summary:Several technological approaches have been used to develop vaccines against COVID-19, including those based on inactivated viruses, viral vectors, and mRNA. This study aimed to monitor the maintenance of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals from Brazil according to the primary vaccination regimen, as follows: BNT162b2 (group 1; 22) and ChAdOx1 (group 2; 18). Everyone received BNT162b2 in the first booster while in the second booster CoronaVac, Ad26.COV2.S, or BNT162b2. Blood samples were collected from 2021 to 2023 to analyze specific RBD (ELISA) and neutralizing antibodies (PRNT50). We observed a progressive increase in anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies in each subsequent dose, remaining at high titers until the end of follow-up. Group 1 had higher anti-RBD antibody titers than group 2 after beginning the primary regimen, with significant differences after the 2nd and 3rd doses. Group 2 showed a more expressive increase after the first booster with BNT162B2 (heterologous booster). Group 2 also presented high levels of neutralizing antibodies against the Gamma and Delta variants until five months after the second booster. In conclusion, the circulating levels of anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies against the two variants of SARS-CoV-2 were durable even five months after the 4th dose, suggesting that periodic booster vaccinations (homologous or heterologous) induced long-lasting immunity.
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ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines12070792