Ferulic Acid-Loaded Nanostructure Maintains Brain Levels of ACh, Glutamate, and GABA and Ameliorates Anxiety and Memory Impairments Induced by the d-Galactose Aging Process in Rats

Ferulic Acid-Loaded Nanostructure Maintains Brain Levels of ACh, Glutamate, and GABA and Ameliorates Anxiety and Memory Impairments Induced by the d-Galactose Aging Process in Rats

Population aging is a global reality driven by increased life expectancy. This demographic phenomenon is intrinsically linked to the epidemic of cognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, posing challenges for elderly and their families. In this context, the search for new th...

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Published in:Neurochemical research Vol. 49; no. 12; pp. 3383 - 3395
Main Authors: Rossato, Domenika R., Rosa, Jéssica L. O., Fontoura, Murilo B., de Souza, Leana E. M., de Almeida, Tielle M., Kudrna, Kathiane B., Schaffazick, Scheila R., da Silva, Cristiane B., Birk, Letícia, Eller, Sarah, de Oliveira, Tiago F., Burger, Marilise E.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01-12-2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Acetylcholine
Acids
Aging
Aging (artificial)
Alzheimer's disease
Anxiety
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain damage
Cell Biology
Central nervous system
Cognitive ability
D-Galactose
Damage prevention
Dementia disorders
Drug delivery
Ferulic acid
Galactose
Geriatrics
Injection
Life expectancy
Life span
Memory
Nanotechnology
Neurochemistry
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurology
Neurosciences
Older people
Original Paper
Pharmacology
γ-Aminobutyric acid
Aging-process
Memory loss
Antioxidant property
Nanoencapsulated ferulic acid
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Summary:Population aging is a global reality driven by increased life expectancy. This demographic phenomenon is intrinsically linked to the epidemic of cognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, posing challenges for elderly and their families. In this context, the search for new therapeutic strategies to prevent or minimize cognitive impairments becomes urgent, as these deficits are primarily associated with oxidative damage and increased neuroinflammation. Ferulic acid (FA), a natural and potent antioxidant compound, is proposed to be nanoencapsulated to target the central nervous system effectively with lower doses and an extended duration of action. Here, we evaluated the effects of the nanoencapsulated FA on d-galactose (d-Gal)- induced memory impairments. Male Wistar adult rats were treated with ferulic acid-loaded nanocapsules (FA-Nc) or non-encapsulated ferulic acid (D-FA) for 8 weeks concurrently with d-Gal (150 mg/kg s.c.) injection. As expected, our findings showed that d-Gal injection impaired memory processes and increased anxiety behavior, whereas FA-Nc treatment ameliorated these behavioral impairments associated with the aging process induced by d-Gal. At the molecular level, nanoencapsulated ferulic acid (FA-Nc) ameliorated the decrease in ACh and glutamate induced by d-galactose (d-Gal), and also increased GABA levels in the dorsal hippocampus, indicating its therapeutic superiority. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying our current promising outcomes. Nanoscience applied to pharmacology can reduce drug dosage, thereby minimizing adverse effects while enhancing therapeutic response, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging. Therefore, the strategy of brain-targeted drug delivery through nanoencapsulation can be effective in mitigating aging-related factors that may lead to cognitive deficits. Graphical Abstract
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ISSN:0364-3190
1573-6903
1573-6903
DOI:10.1007/s11064-024-04248-z