Effects of free and dipeptide forms of methionine supplementation on oxidative metabolism of broilers under high temperature

Effects of free and dipeptide forms of methionine supplementation on oxidative metabolism of broilers under high temperature

Our previous studies have shown that methionine supplementation could help to attenuate the effects of heat stress on the metabolism of broiler chickens. Here we investigated for the first time the effects of methionine supplementation in the form of DL-methionyl-DL-methionine on broilers subjected...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animal (Cambridge, England) Vol. 15; no. 3; p. 100173
Main Authors: Santana, T.P., Gasparino, E., de Sousa, F.C.B., Khatlab, A.S., Zancanela, V., Brito, C.O., Barbosa, L.T., Fernandes, R.P.M., Del Vesco, A.P.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Elsevier B.V 01-03-2021
Elsevier
Subjects:
Animal Feed - analysis
Animals
Chickens - metabolism
Chronic heat stress
Diet - veterinary
Dietary Supplements - analysis
Dipeptides
DNA methylation
Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio
Hot Temperature
Methionine - metabolism
Methionine dipeptide
Oxidative Stress
Temperature
DNA methylation
Oxidative stress
Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio
Methionine dipeptide
Chronic heat stress
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Summary:Our previous studies have shown that methionine supplementation could help to attenuate the effects of heat stress on the metabolism of broiler chickens. Here we investigated for the first time the effects of methionine supplementation in the form of DL-methionyl-DL-methionine on broilers subjected to heat stress during the growth phase. Broilers were divided into two groups; one group was reared under thermoneutral conditions and the other under continuous heat stress (30 ± 1 °C, 60% relative humidity). Both groups were subdivided into three dietary treatments: a methionine-deficient (MD) diet, a diet supplemented with free methionine (DL-M), and a diet supplemented with methionine dipeptide (DL-MM). Broilers raised under chronic heat stress had lower feed intake and weight gain than broilers raised under thermoneutral conditions (P < 0.05). There were no differences in animal performance between methionine-supplemented diets (DL-M and DL-MM). Heat-stressed birds had significantly higher heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio than thermoneutral birds. Under heat stress, broilers fed DL-M and DL-MM diets had lower H/L ratio than birds fed the MD diet. Higher concentrations of carbonylated proteins and lower concentration of reduced glutathione were observed in broilers raised under heat stress. In comparing heat-stressed broilers, we found that birds fed the DL-M diet had lower concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and carbonylated proteins than those fed the MD diet (P < 0.05). Higher expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione synthetase (GSS) genes was observed in heat-stressed broilers (P < 0.05). Under heat stress, the MD diet increased GPX expression compared with other diets. Under thermoneutral conditions, the DL-M diet resulted in the highest GSS expression. There was a negative correlation between DNA methylation and GPX and GSS expression. Our results showed that supplementation of broiler diets with free methionine or methionine dipeptide may help attenuate the effects of heat stress through enhanced activation of genes related to the glutathione antioxidant system. Methionine effects were found for gene regulation, gene expression, and post-translational processing.
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ISSN:1751-7311
1751-732X
DOI:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100173