Thermochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass With the Use of Heterogeneous Catalysts

Thermochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass With the Use of Heterogeneous Catalysts

The utilization of biomass for production of chemicals, materials and fuels has been intensively investigated in recent years. γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is one of the important platform molecules that can be obtained from lignocellulosic feedstock. GVL has drawn an increasing attention thanks to its int...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: de Pinho, Alexandra Mariza Menezes
Format: Dissertation
Language:English
Published: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 01-01-2017
Subjects:
Alcohol
Algae
Alternative Energy
Alternative energy sources
Analytical chemistry
Atmospheric sciences
Biodiesel fuels
Biomass
Carbohydrates
Carbon dioxide
Caustic soda
Cellulose fibers
Chemical engineering
Chemicals
Climate Change
Decomposition
Energy
Energy resources
Environmental impact
Environmental management
Global warming
Grasses
Green chemistry
Greenhouse gases
Hydrogenation
Lignin
Mass spectrometry
Microbiology
Polymer chemistry
Polymerization
Polymers
Scanning electron microscopy
Sustainability
Yeast
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Summary:The utilization of biomass for production of chemicals, materials and fuels has been intensively investigated in recent years. γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is one of the important platform molecules that can be obtained from lignocellulosic feedstock. GVL has drawn an increasing attention thanks to its interesting properties which make it suitable for several applications. However, the real challenge is to synthesize γ-valerolactone directly from biomass in a one-pot process of hydrolytic hydrogenation.Hydrolysis of biomass is conducted in the presence of mineral acid such as sulphuric acid (H2SO4) which is one of the problem for the catalyst performance. One of the solutions is a neutralization or separation of sulphuric acid from the mixture containing levulinic acid.This work is devoted to study the catalytic performance of ruthenium catalyst in hydrolytic hydrogenation of different wood such as pine, poplar, beech and birch towards γ-valerolactone (GVL). The reactions were performed in two steps, the first was hydrolysis of biomass samples and further hydrogenation of formed hydrolysis products. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the produced liquors were made by high-performance liquid chromatography. The properties of different biomass samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The characterization of the surface properties of the investigated catalyst was performed by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR).The results showed that the reaction performance depends on several factors, such as pH which strongly influence the γ-valerolactone yield. The activity of the catalyst was influenced by the presence of impurities or carbon deposit, which was proved by ToF-SIMS and TPR.
ISBN:9798382127026