COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Latin American Children: A Multinational Study

BACKGROUND:To date, there are no comprehensive data on pediatric COVID-19 from Latin America. This study aims to assess COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) in Latin American children, to appropriately plan and allocate resources to face the pandemic on a local and international le...

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Published in:	The Pediatric infectious disease journal Vol. 40; no. 1; pp. e1 - e6
Main Authors:	Antúnez-Montes, Omar Yassef, Escamilla, Maria Isabel, Figueroa-Uribe, Augusto Flavio, Arteaga-Menchaca, Erick, Lavariega-Saráchaga, Manuel, Salcedo-Lozada, Perla, Melchior, Priscilla, de Oliveira, Rodrigo Beréa, Tirado Caballero, Juan Carlos, Redondo, Hernando Pinzon, Montes Fontalvo, Laura Vanessa, Hernandez, Roger, Chavez, Carolina, Campos, Francisco, Uribe, Fadia, del Aguila, Olguita, Rios Aida, Jorge Alberto, Buitrago, Andrea Parra, Betancur Londoño, Lina Maria, Mendoza Vega, León Felipe, Hernández, Carolina Almeida, Sali, Michela, Higuita Palacio, Julian Esteban, Gomez-Vargas, Jessica, Yock-Corrales, Adriana, Buonsenso, Danilo
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 01-01-2021 Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved
Subjects:	Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies COVID-19 - diagnosis COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - pathology COVID-19 - therapy Critical Care Female Hospitalization Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Latin America - epidemiology Male Risk Factors SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - diagnosis Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - epidemiology Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - pathology Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - therapy Latin America
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Summary:	BACKGROUND:To date, there are no comprehensive data on pediatric COVID-19 from Latin America. This study aims to assess COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) in Latin American children, to appropriately plan and allocate resources to face the pandemic on a local and international level. METHODS:Ambispective multicenter cohort study from 5 Latin American countries. Children 18 years of age or younger with microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection or fulfilling MIS-C definition were included. FINDINGS:Four hundred nine children were included, with a median age of 3.0 years (interquartile range 0.6–9.0). Of these, 95 (23.2%) were diagnosed with MIS-C. One hundred ninety-one (46.7%) children were admitted to hospital and 52 (12.7%) required admission to a pediatric intensive care unit. Ninety-two (22.5%) patients required oxygen support8 (2%) were started on continuous positive airway pressure and 29 (7%) on mechanical ventilation. Thirty-five (8.5%) patients required inotropic support. The following factors were associated with pediatric intensive care unit admissionpreexisting medical condition (P < 0.0001), immunodeficiency (P = 0.01), lower respiratory tract infection (P < 0.0001), gastrointestinal symptoms (P = 0.006), radiologic changes suggestive of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (P < 0.0001) and low socioeconomic conditions (P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS:This study shows a generally more severe form of COVID-19 and a high number of MIS-C in Latin American children, compared with studies from China, Europe and North America, and support current evidence of a more severe disease in Latin/Hispanic children or in people of lower socioeconomic level. The findings highlight an urgent need for more data on COVID-19 in Latin America.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0891-3668 1532-0987
DOI:	10.1097/INF.0000000000002949