A Mini-Review of Diagnostic Methods for the Antigen and Antibody Detection of Rocky Mountain and Brazilian Spotted Fever

A Mini-Review of Diagnostic Methods for the Antigen and Antibody Detection of Rocky Mountain and Brazilian Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain or Brazilian spotted fever, caused by , is a fulminant, seasonal, and neglected disease that occurs in focal points of North America and South America. Its rapid detection is essential for the better prognosis and survival rate of infected individuals. However, disease diagnosis still...

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Published in:Biomedicines Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 1501
Main Authors: Silva, Kamila Alves, Prado, Vanesa Borges do, Silva, Rafael Rodrigues, Rocha, Marcelo van Petten, de Oliveira, Rafael Almeida Ribeiro, Falcão, Tarumim de Jesus Rodrigues, Serpa, Clara Cristina, Rocha, Marina Andrade, Pereira, Sabrina Paula, Silva, Líria Souza, Machado, Juliana Martins, Machado-de-Ávila, Ricardo Andrez, Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio, Chávez-Fumagalli, Miguel Angel, Coelho, Eduardo Antônio Ferraz, Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro, Campos-da-Paz, Mariana, Gonçalves, Ana Alice Maia, Galdino, Alexsandro Sobreira
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 06-07-2024
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
Blood & organ donations
Brazilian spotted fever
Diagnosis
Disease
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Fever
Immunohistochemistry
Infections
Laboratories
Pneumonia
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Serology
Brazil
United States > US
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
diagnosis
Rickettsia rickettsii
Brazilian spotted fever
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Summary:Rocky Mountain or Brazilian spotted fever, caused by , is a fulminant, seasonal, and neglected disease that occurs in focal points of North America and South America. Its rapid detection is essential for the better prognosis and survival rate of infected individuals. However, disease diagnosis still faces challenges as the accuracy of many of the available laboratory tests fluctuates. This review aimed to analyze methods for antibody or antigen detection, their gaps, and their evolution over time. A search was conducted to find all studies in the Pubmed database that described the antibody or antigen detection of infections. Initially, a total of 403 articles were screened. Of these articles, only 17 fulfilled the pre-established inclusion criteria and were selected. Among the different methods applied, the IFA technique was the one most frequently found in the studies. However, it presented varied results such as a low specificity when using the indirect method. Other techniques, such as ELISA and immunohistochemistry, were also found, although in smaller numbers and with their own limitations. Although some studies showed promising results, there is a pressing need to find new techniques to develop a rapid and effective diagnosis of infection.
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ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines12071501