Citrulline Malate Does Not Improve Muscle Recovery after Resistance Exercise in Untrained Young Adult Men

The effects of citrulline malate (CM) on muscle recovery from resistance exercise remains unknown. We aimed to determine if citrulline malate supplementation improves muscle recovery after a single session of high-intensity resistance exercise (RE) in untrained young adult men. Nine young adult men...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients Vol. 9; no. 10; p. 1132
Main Authors:	da Silva, Douglas K, Jacinto, Jeferson L, de Andrade, Walquiria B, Roveratti, Mirela C, Estoche, José M, Balvedi, Mario C W, de Oliveira, Douglas B, da Silva, Rubens A, Aguiar, Andreo F
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 18-10-2017 MDPI
Subjects:	Adult amino acids Biomarkers - blood Blood levels Citrulline Citrulline - adverse effects Citrulline - analogs & derivatives Citrulline - therapeutic use Creatine Creatine kinase Creatine Kinase - blood Cross-Over Studies Data recovery Dietary Supplements - adverse effects Double-Blind Method Electromyography exercise Fatigue Fatigue tests Humans Hydrocortisone - blood Insulin Lactic acid Lactic Acid - blood Malate Malates - adverse effects Malates - therapeutic use Male Muscle Contraction Muscle Fatigue - drug effects Muscle recovery Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism protein Recovery of Function Resistance Training skeletal muscle Strength training supplementation Testosterone Testosterone - blood Time Factors Treatment Outcome weight training Young Adult Young adults supplementation weight training exercise skeletal muscle amino acids protein
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Summary:	The effects of citrulline malate (CM) on muscle recovery from resistance exercise remains unknown. We aimed to determine if citrulline malate supplementation improves muscle recovery after a single session of high-intensity resistance exercise (RE) in untrained young adult men. Nine young adult men (24.0 ± 3.3 years) participated in a double-blind crossover study in which they received 6 g of CM and placebo (PL) on two occasions, separated by a seven-day washout period. Each occasion consisted of a single session of high-intensity RE (0 h) and three subsequent fatigue tests sessions (at 24, 48, and 72 h) to assess the time course of muscle recovery. During the tests sessions, we assessed the following variables: number of maximum repetitions, electromyographic signal (i.e., root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MF)), muscle soreness and perceived exertion, as well as blood levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate, insulin, and testosterone:cortisol ratio. CK levels increased at 24 h post-exercise and remained elevate at 48 and 72 h, with no difference between CM and PL conditions. Muscle soreness increased at 24 h post-exercise, which progressively returned to baseline at 72 h in both conditions. Lactate levels increased immediately post-exercise and remained elevated at 24, 48, and 72 h in both conditions. No significant treatment × time interaction was found for all dependents variables (maximum repetitions, perceived exertion, CK, lactate, RMS, MF, and testosterone:cortisol ratio) during the recovery period. In conclusion, our data indicate that CM supplementation (single 6 g dose pre-workout) does not improve the muscle recovery process following a high-intensity RE session in untrained young adult men.
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643
DOI:	10.3390/nu9101132