Immunoexpression of IGF1, IGF2, and osteopontin in craniofacial bone repair associated with autogenous grafting in rat models treated with alendronate sodium

Objectives The aim of this study was to verify the likely influence of presurgical administration of low doses of alendronate sodium in craniofacial bone repair and correlate the histological frame found on reparative tissue to the immunohistochemical presence of IGF1, IGF2, and osteopontin (OP). Ma...

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Published in:	Clinical oral investigations Vol. 21; no. 5; pp. 1895 - 1903
Main Authors:	Camati, Paulo Roberto, Giovanini, Allan Fernando, de Miranda Peixoto, Hugo Eduardo, Schuanka, Cassiana Majewski, Giacomel, Maria Cecília, de Araújo, Melissa Rodrigues, Zielak, João César, Scariot, Rafaela, Deliberador, Tatiana Miranda
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-06-2017 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Alendronate - pharmacology Alendronic acid Animal models Animals Bisphosphonates Blood coagulation Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology Bone grafts Bone healing Bone matrix Bone surgery Calvaria Dentistry Extracellular matrix Immunohistochemistry Insulin-like growth factor I Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism Insulin-like growth factor II Insulin-Like Growth Factor II - metabolism Male Medicine Original Article Osteopontin Osteopontin - metabolism Random Allocation Rats Rats, Wistar Rodents Skull Skull - surgery Sodium Wound healing Wound Healing - drug effects Rats IGF2 Osteopontin Bone healing IGF1 Bisphosphonates
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Summary:	Objectives The aim of this study was to verify the likely influence of presurgical administration of low doses of alendronate sodium in craniofacial bone repair and correlate the histological frame found on reparative tissue to the immunohistochemical presence of IGF1, IGF2, and osteopontin (OP). Materials and methods In total, 120 rats were randomly allocated into four groups: group C (control), group OA (autogenous bone), group B (bisphosphonates), and group OA–B (autogenous bone + bisphosphonates). Groups B and OA–B received alendronate sodium (ALN) 0.01 mg/kg subcutaneously on alternate days for 4 weeks. Groups C and OA received saline solution. Critical 5-mm defects were created in rat calvaria, which were filled with blood clot in groups C and B and with autogenous bone in groups OA and OA–B. The animals were euthanized at 15 or 30 days postoperatively. Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry of IGF1, IGF2, and OP proteins was performed. Immunohistochemistry evaluated the expression in cells and extracellular matrix. Results Groups C and B revealed healing predominantly characterized by connective tissue. In groups OA and OA–B, healing of connective tissue and neoformation of compact bone was observed. Expression of IGF1 an OP was present in all specimens. IGF1 expression in cells was more pronounced in groups OA and OA–B 15 days postoperatively. The expression of IGF2 was only observed in groups OA and OA–B, with greater intensity in group OA–B 30 days postoperatively. OP expression was only observed in cells and not in the extracellular matrix and was more pronounced in group OA 15 days postoperatively. Conclusions The application of systemic ALN at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg did not improve cranial bone matrix deposition. Nevertheless, the expression of IGF1 and OP and a slight marking of IGF2 were observed especially in groups OA and OA–B in the wound healing process. Future studies should assess higher doses of ALN to verify its influence on bone repair. Clinical relevance The systemic use of ALN 0.01 mg/kg on alternate days 4 weeks prior to surgery did not interfere with bone repair.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1432-6981 1436-3771
DOI:	10.1007/s00784-016-1975-0