Early Overfeed-Induced Obesity Leads to Brown Adipose Tissue Hypoactivity in Rats

Early Overfeed-Induced Obesity Leads to Brown Adipose Tissue Hypoactivity in Rats

Background/Aims: Brown adipose tissue activation has been considered a potential anti-obesity mechanism because it is able to expend energy through thermogenesis. In contrast, white adipose tissue stores energy, contributing to obesity. We investigated whether the early programming of obesity by ove...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular physiology and biochemistry Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 1621 - 1630
Main Authors: de Almeida, Douglas L., Fabrício, Gabriel S., Trombini, Amanda B., Pavanello, Audrei, Tófolo, Laize P., da Silva Ribeiro, Tatiane A., de Freitas Mathias, Paulo C., Palma-Rigo, Kesia
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel, Switzerland Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG 01-01-2013
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism
Adipose Tissue, Brown - pathology
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Area Under Curve
Blood Glucose - analysis
Body Temperature
Body Weight
Corticosterone - blood
Eating
Female
Insulin - blood
Litter Size
Male
Obesity - etiology
Original Paper
Perinatal overfeeding
Rats
Rats, Wistar
ROC Curve
Thermogenesis
Transdifferentiation
Vagus Nerve - metabolism
Weaning
Transdifferentiation
Thermogenesis
Perinatal overfeeding
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Summary:Background/Aims: Brown adipose tissue activation has been considered a potential anti-obesity mechanism because it is able to expend energy through thermogenesis. In contrast, white adipose tissue stores energy, contributing to obesity. We investigated whether the early programming of obesity by overfeeding during lactation changes structure of interscapular brown adipose tissue in adulthood and its effects on thermogenesis. Methods: Birth of litters was considered day 0. On day 2, litter size was adjusted to normal (9 pups) and small (3 pups) litters. On day 21, the litters were weaned. A temperature transponder was implanted underneath interscapular brown adipose tissue pads of 81-day-old animals; local temperature was measured during light and dark periods between days 87 and 90. The animals were euthanized, and tissue and blood samples were collected for further analysis. The vagus and retroperitoneal sympathetic nerve activity was recorded. Results: Small litter rats presented significant lower interscapular brown adipose tissue temperature during the light (NL 37.6°C vs. SL 37.2°C) and dark (NL 38°C vs. SL 37.6°C) periods compared to controls. Morphology of small litter brown adipose tissue showed fewer lipid droplets in the tissue center and more and larger in the periphery. The activity of vagus nerve was 19,9% greater in the small litter than in control (p<0.01), and no difference was observed in the sympathetic nerve activity. In adulthood, the small litter rats were 11,7% heavier than the controls and presented higher glycemia 13,1%, insulinemia 70% and corticosteronemia 92,6%. Conclusion: Early overfeeding programming of obesity changes the interscapular brown adipose tissue structure in adulthood, leading to local thermogenesis hypoactivity, which may contribute to obesity in adults.
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ISSN:1015-8987
1421-9778
DOI:10.1159/000356598