Effects of the extracorporeal shock wave therapy on the skin: an experimental study

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been extensively studied for its multiple biological properties, and although it is widely applied in esthetical procedures, little is known about its effects on the epidermis and dermis. In this study, a histological and immunohistochemical study of the...

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Published in:	Lasers in medical science Vol. 34; no. 2; pp. 389 - 396
Main Authors:	de Lima Morais, Thayná Melo, Meyer, Patrícia Froes, de Vasconcellos, Liliane Santos, e Silva, Julio Costa, e Andrade, Ito Ferreira, de Farias, Vinicius Alves Freire, da Silva, Igor Candido, Araújo, Roberta Marinho Falcão Gondim, da Silva, Rodrigo Marcel Valentim, Pacheco, Esteban Fortuny, Soares, Ciro Dantas
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Springer London 01-03-2019 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Actin Antibodies Biological properties Collagen Dentistry Dermis Epidermis Fibroblast growth factor 2 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 Growth factors Immunohistochemistry Lasers Lithotripsy Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscles Optical Devices Optics Original Article Photonics Quantum Optics Shock waves Skin Smooth muscle Therapy Extracorporeal shock wave therapy Fibroblast growth factor 2 Inflammatory cells Collagen
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Summary:	Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been extensively studied for its multiple biological properties, and although it is widely applied in esthetical procedures, little is known about its effects on the epidermis and dermis. In this study, a histological and immunohistochemical study of the effects of ESWT was performed on rat skin. Forty-five female rats were treated with one or two sessions of ESWT and sacrificed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after treatment. The samples were histologically processed and then morphometric analyses were performed to assess the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. Immunohistochemical reactions were also performed against the antibodies: basic fibroblastic growth factor (FGF2), its receptor (FGFR1), and α-smooth muscle actin. Slides were scanned and digitally assessed, to determine the microvessel density (MVD) and digital scoring of the immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that ESWT produced a significantly higher collagen content, MVD, and epidermis and dermis thickness than the control, non-treated group. Both in epidermis and dermis, FGF2 was overexpressed in the ESWT-treated groups, whereas FGFR1 was increased only in the group treated with two ESWT sessions at 21-days post-treatment. The ESWT-treated groups have also shown diminished thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue. In conclusion, ESWT induces neocollagenesis and neoangiogenesis, and upregulates the FGF2 expression, particularly in the groups treated with two sessions. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that overexpression of FGF2 on skins treated with ESWT seems to be a key role on its mechanism of action.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0268-8921 1435-604X
DOI:	10.1007/s10103-018-2612-8