Interference with Bacterial Conjugation and Natural Alternatives to Antibiotics: Bridging a Gap

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in food matrices has been investigated under conditions that favor gene exchange. However, the major challenge lies in determining the specific conditions pertaining to the adapted microbial pairs associated with the food matrix. HGT is primarily responsible for enhanc...

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Published in:	Antibiotics (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 1127
Main Authors:	Guidotti-Takeuchi, Micaela, Melo, Roberta Torres de, Ribeiro, Lígia Nunes de Morais, Dumont, Carolyne Ferreira, Ribeiro, Rosanne Aparecida Capanema, Brum, Bárbara de Araújo, de Amorim Junior, Tanaje Luiz Izidio Ferreira, Rossi, Daise Aparecida
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 29-06-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Amides Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Antimicrobial agents Antimicrobial resistance Bacteria bacterial conjugation blaTEM chicken juice Chickens Conjugation Drug resistance Drug resistance in microorganisms E coli Essential oils Food Food matrix Gene transfer Genes Gram-negative bacteria Horizontal transfer Lipids Microorganisms Morphology Nanocomposites Nanoparticles nanostructured lipid carriers Plasmids Public health Spectrum analysis Whey β-Lactam antibiotics Brazil bacterial conjugation whey chicken juice nanostructured lipid carriers blaTEM
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Summary:	Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in food matrices has been investigated under conditions that favor gene exchange. However, the major challenge lies in determining the specific conditions pertaining to the adapted microbial pairs associated with the food matrix. HGT is primarily responsible for enhancing the microbial repertoire for the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance and is a major target for controlling pathogens of public health concern in food ecosystems. In this study, we investigated Heidelberg (SH) and (EC) regarding gene exchange under conditions mimicking the industrial environment, with the coproducts whey (SL) and chicken juice (CJ). The Heidelberg strain was characterized by antibiotic susceptibility standards and PCR to detect the gene. A concentration of 0.39 mg/mL was determined to evaluate the anti-conjugation activity of nanostructured lipid nanocarriers (NLCs) of essential oils to mitigate β-lactam resistance gene transfer. The results showed that the addition of these coproducts promoted an increase of more than 3.5 (whey) and 2.5 (chicken juice) orders of magnitude in the conjugation process ( < 0.01), and NLCs of sage essential oil significantly reduced the conjugation frequency (CF) by 74.90, 90.6, and 124.4 times when compared to the transfers in the absence of coproducts and the presence of SL and CJ, respectively. For NLCs from olibanum essential oil, the decrease was 4.46-fold for conjugations without inhibitors and 3.12- and 11.3-fold in the presence of SL and CJ. NLCs associated with sage and olibanum essential oils effectively control the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and are a promising alternative for use at industrial levels.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2079-6382 2079-6382
DOI:	10.3390/antibiotics12071127