Adaptive threat management framework: integrating people and turtles

In the 35 years since its inception, the Brazilian National Program for the Conservation of Marine Turtles (TAMAR) has had great success in protecting the five species of sea turtles that occur in Brazil. It has also contributed significantly to worldwide scientific data and knowledge about these sp...

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Published in:	Environment, development and sustainability Vol. 18; no. 6; pp. 1541 - 1558
Main Authors:	da Silva, Valéria R. F., Mitraud, Sylvia F., Ferraz, Maria L. C. P., Lima, Eduardo H. S. M., Melo, Maria Thereza D., Santos, Armando J. B., da Silva, Augusto César C. D., de Castilhos, Jaqueline C., Batista, Jamyle A. F., Lopez, Gustave G., Tognin, Frederico, Thomé, João Carlos, Baptistotte, Cecília, da Silva, Berenice M. Gomes, Becker, José Henrique, Wanderline, Juçara, de Vasconcellos Pegas, Fernanda, Róstan, Gonzalo, dei Marcovaldi, Guy Guagni, dei Marcovaldi, Maria Ângela G.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-12-2016 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Aquatic reptiles Biology Brazil Community Community development Conservation Cultural change Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Economic Geology Economic Growth Education Environment Environmental Economics Environmental education Environmental Management Environmental monitoring Evolution Inclusions Management Migration Predation Protected species Reptiles & amphibians Review Sea turtles Social impact Studies Sustainable Development Threats Turtles Wildlife conservation Brazil ASW, Brazil Conservation Environmental education Brazil Sea turtle Community-based development Social inclusion TAMAR Threat management
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Summary:	In the 35 years since its inception, the Brazilian National Program for the Conservation of Marine Turtles (TAMAR) has had great success in protecting the five species of sea turtles that occur in Brazil. It has also contributed significantly to worldwide scientific data and knowledge about these species’ biology, such as life cycles and migration patterns. TAMAR’s conservation strategies have always relied on a variety of environmental education and social inclusion (EESI) activities highly adapted to the socio-environmental evolving contexts of its 25 locations distributed across nine states. Diversity and flexibility are critical to enable timely and effective local responses to existing or potential threats to sea turtles. The intuitive, locally adapted, decentralized, and independent way EESI activities have been carried out have generated positive results in the resolution of specific and evolving local problems through the course of the project. This article brings EESI under the same conceptual framework that underlies its conservation approach by adopting an adaptive threat management framework to organize and qualify its educational and social inclusion interventions according to the main categories of threat addressed by TAMAR.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1387-585X 1573-2975
DOI:	10.1007/s10668-015-9716-0