Contribution of nitrogen from urea applied at different rates and times on grapevine nutrition

•The recovery and distribution of N derived of the urea-N15 applied at budding and at blooming of grapevines was evaluated.•The grapevines grown in a sandy soil took up more N derived from fertilizer applied at a rate of 40kgNha−1 split at budding and full bloom in the first harvest season.•Unlike,...

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Published in:	Scientia horticulturae Vol. 207; pp. 1 - 6
Main Authors:	Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, de Melo, George Wellington Bastos, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, da Rosa Couto, Rafael, Tassinaria, Adriele, Hammerschmitt, Rodrigo Knevitz, da Silva, Lincon Oliveria Stefanello, Lazzaretti, Bruno Pedro, de Souza Kulmann, Matheus Severo, Carranca, Corina
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 05-08-2016
Subjects:	15N uptake annuals fertilizer rates flowering fruits leaves N derived from fertilizer nitrogen nutrition Plant N distribution plant organs planting Residual soil N roots sandy soils small fruits soil sampling urea urea fertilizers urea nitrogen vineyards Vitis vinifera Brazil Plant N distribution 15N uptake Vitis vinifera N derived from fertilizer Residual soil N
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Summary:	•The recovery and distribution of N derived of the urea-N15 applied at budding and at blooming of grapevines was evaluated.•The grapevines grown in a sandy soil took up more N derived from fertilizer applied at a rate of 40kgNha−1 split at budding and full bloom in the first harvest season.•Unlike, N applied in the previous season was recovered especially in reserve organs: the new shoots, stem and roots, whereas leaves and berries+rachis showed the lowest 15N recovery. Nitrogen in the following season was mainly derived from other sources than the fertilizer N. In Brazilian vineyards planted in sandy soils, nitrogen (N) should be applied at optimal rates and timing that correspond to greatest demand, thus minimizing N losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the grapevine N distribution and recovery of urea-15N applied at budding and bloom. In 2009, in a vineyard (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) planted in Santana do Livramento, south Brazil, grapevines were treated with 10kgNha−1 at budding +10kgNha−1 at full bloom (10B+10F); 20kgNha−1 at budding +20kgNha−1 at full bloom (20B+20F); 20kgNha−1 at budding (20B); and 40kgNha−1 at full bloom (40F). Budding of grapevines in 2009 and 2010 was at the end of August and full bloom in November. In February 2010 and 2011, grapevine organs (leaves, berries, stem and roots) were collected, and in February 2011 soil samples were also collected in the profile. The wine-producing grapevines grown in the sandy soil took up more N derived from 20B treatment, compared with other N treatments, especially in the first crop season. The N derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time was preferentially distributed in annual plant organs, but most N contained in the plant organs was derived from other sources than the fertilizer N. In the following season, 15N applied in the previous year was recovered preferentially in leaves and fruits, again in low amounts. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time in a sandy soil apparently contributes little to grapevine nutrition.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.05.002
ISSN:	0304-4238 1879-1018
DOI:	10.1016/j.scienta.2016.05.002