The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Differential Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases with CNS Involvement

The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Differential Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases with CNS Involvement

The purpose of this study was to examine whether application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements can provide a useful biomarker for distinguishing central nervous system (CNS) involvement in autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTD) from multiple sclerosis (MS). An observational stu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 9; no. 5; p. 1565
Main Authors: Wildner, Paula, Zydorczak, Ewa, Oset, Magdalena, Siger, Małgorzata, Wilczyński, Michał, Stasiołek, Mariusz, Matysiak, Mariola
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 21-05-2020
MDPI
Subjects:
Arthritis
Clinical medicine
Connective tissue diseases
Lupus
Magnetic resonance imaging
Multiple sclerosis
Optics
Patients
Software
Tomography
Poland
differential diagnosis
rheumatic disorders
autoimmune connective tissue diseases
optical coherence tomography
multiple sclerosis
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Summary:The purpose of this study was to examine whether application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements can provide a useful biomarker for distinguishing central nervous system (CNS) involvement in autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTD) from multiple sclerosis (MS). An observational study included non-optic neuritis eyes of 121 individuals: 59 patients with MS, 30 patients with CNS involvement in CTD, and 32 healthy controls. OCT examination was performed in all subjects to measure retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness, and volume of the macula. There was a significant group effect with regard to superior optic disc RNFL, macular RNFL, GCC, and GCIPL thickness, and macular volume. Post-hoc analysis revealed that MS patients have significantly smaller macular volume and thinner superior optic disc RNFL, macular RNFL, GCC, and GCIPL compared to healthy controls. CTD patients have significantly smaller superior optic disc RNFL, GCIPL, and GCC thickness compared to healthy controls. However, no significant group differences were observed between the patient groups (MS vs. CTD) on any outcome. Although a prominent retinal thinning may be a useful biomarker in MS patients, in a general population of individuals with a confirmed CNS involvement the use of OCT is not specific enough to discriminate between MS and autoimmune CTD.
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ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm9051565