Few-body interactions in frozen Rydberg gases

The strong dipole-dipole coupling and the Stark tunability make Förster resonances an attractive tool for the implementation of quantum gates. In this direction a generalization to a N-body process would be a powerful instrument to implement multi-qubit gate and it will also path the way to the unde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The European physical journal. ST, Special topics Vol. 225; no. 15-16; pp. 2935 - 2956
Main Authors:	Faoro, Riccardo, Pelle, Bruno, Zuliani, Alexandre
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-12-2016 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Atomic Classical and Continuum Physics Condensed Matter Physics Cooperativity and Control in Highly Excited Rydberg Ensembles – Achievements of the European Marie Curie ITN COHERENCE Many body problem Materials Science Measurement Science and Instrumentation Molecular Optical and Plasma Physics Physics Physics and Astronomy Review
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Summary:	The strong dipole-dipole coupling and the Stark tunability make Förster resonances an attractive tool for the implementation of quantum gates. In this direction a generalization to a N-body process would be a powerful instrument to implement multi-qubit gate and it will also path the way to the understanding of many-body physics. In this review, we give a general introduction on Förster resonances, also known as two-body FRET, giving an overview of the different application in quantum engineering and quantum simulation. Then we will describe an analogous process, the quasi-forbidden FRET, which is related to the Stark mixing due to the presence of an external electric field. We will then focus on its use in a peculiar four-body FRET. The second part of this review is focused on our study of few-body interactions in a cold gas of Cs Rydberg atoms. After a detailed description of a series of quasi-forbidden resonances detected in the proximity of an allowed two-body FRET we will show our most promising result: the observation of a three-body FRET. This process corresponds to a generalization of the usual two-body FRET, where a third atom serves as a relay for the energy transport. This relay also compensates for the energy mismatch which prevents a direct two-body FRET between the donor and the acceptor, but on the other side allowed a three-body process; for this reason, the three-body FRET observed is a “Borromean” process. It can be generalized for any quantum system displaying two-body FRET from quasi-degenerate levels. We also predict N-body FRET, based on the same interaction scheme. Three-body FRET thus promises important applications in the formation of macro-trimers, implementation of few-body quantum gates, few-body entanglement or heralded entanglement.
ISSN:	1951-6355 1951-6401
DOI:	10.1140/epjst/e2015-50335-0